大学英语六级(2013年12月考试改革适用)模拟试卷268(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级（2013年12月考试改革适用）模拟试卷268 (题后含答

案及解析)

题型有：1. Writing 2. Listening Comprehension 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Translation

Part I Writing

1． For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled The Importance of Competition by commenting on the famous remark, “survival of the fittest.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.

正确答案： Competition is the key word in “The Law of the Jungle”. Just as the famous saying goes, “survival of the fittest”: those who survive in the nature are invariably the winners in the competition. Likewise, in the human world, competition is also important for both individuals and the society as a whole. First of all, competition is a powerful force to urge people to excel themselves. If, in a sport game, two or more persons are in a competition, athletes have to bring their A game to outplay the opponent. If, unfortunately, one loses the game, he must set his heart and mind to get better to win the next competition. In this way, the athletes are driven to improve themselves. Secondly, competition is a catalyst to boost innovation. For example, in the Silicon Valley, many new technological applications are released on a daily basis. No company could afford to slacken and relax in their innovative undertaking. Subject to the competitive industry environment, they have to come up with new, distinctive and unique idea to survive. In conclusion, competition is important for us in that it makes us get better and brings us countless innovations.

解析：这是一篇观点阐释型的作文，要求考生对“竞争的重要性”提出个人的意见。按照题目的要求，可谋篇布局如下：第1段：从丛林法则人题，指出竞争对于个人和社会都同样重要。第2段：阐述原因。 1．指出竞争是人们不断超越自我的动力，以运动员比赛来说明该观点。 2．竞争是创新的催化剂，以硅谷创新为例子。第3段：重申观点，竞争能让我们超越自我，让我们不断推陈出新。

Part II Listening Comprehension

Section A

听力原文：M: Hey. Have you ever heard of the Oscars?W: Well, I know them quite well. The Oscars are given every year in the United States by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for excellence in the creation and production of motion pictures. First presented in 1929, the Oscars are among the film industry’s

most desired prizes. M: That seems very interesting. I wonder whether you know the principal categories for the Oscars winners. W: They include Best Picture, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Actress, Best Supporting Actor, Best Supporting Actress, Best Foreign Language Film, Best Special Effects, Best Sound, Best Musical score, etc. M: Oh, it seems quite inclusive. W: But not too many people can get one during their lifetime. And for most award categories, a maximum of five entrants are first nominated by the academy members who are in that particular field. That is, actors select actors: directors select directors and so on. From among these nominees, all academy members select the winner by a secret ballot. The winners are publicly announced at a formal ceremony each spring. M: Yeah. That’s really competitive, but what will each winner get? A certain amount of bonus? W: No. Actually, a gold plated bronze human figure created by the American sculptor George Stanley will be awarded to each winner. M: Oh, I see. Thank you for your explanation. How do you know all this? W: Well, 1ast semester I took a course in the history of film.1 What do we know about the Oscars?2 How do academy members select winners from the nominees?3 Who’s George Stanley?4 Why did the woman know so much about the Oscars?

2．

A．They are held twice a year. B．They were first held in 1927.

C．They are given for excellence in films.

D．They are less desired than the Grammy Awards.

正确答案：C 解析：女士说奥斯卡奖由美国电影艺术和科学学院每年颁发一次，以表彰优秀的电影创作与制作。故C项正确。

3．

A．By an anonymous ballot. B．By an open vote. C．By rigid rules.

D．By their personal preference.

正确答案：A

解析：女士说获胜者由学院成员以不记名的方式从提名中选出，故选A。

4．

A．One of the academy members. B．Creator of the Oscar statue. C．An Oscar winner.

D．A nominee for the Oscar award.

正确答案：B 解析：女士说获奖者将获得由美国雕塑家George Stanley创作的小金人雕像，

故可知George Stanley是奥斯卡雕像的创作人，选B。

5．

A．She had great interest in the history of the Oscars. B．She searched the information from the Internet. C．She took a course in the history of film. D．She majored in motion pictures.

正确答案：C 解析：男士问女士为什么对奥斯卡了解得那么多，女士说学习了有关电影的历史方面的课程，故选C。

听力原文：M: Hi, Minnie, how are you doing?W: Pretty good. Thanks. Have you helped me look at my graduate school application?M: Well, yeah. Basically it’s good. What you might actually do is to take some of the different points here and split them into separate paragraphs, like your purpose for applying for graduate study, specialty, and why you want to specialize in this area, what you want to do with your degree when you get it. W: Ok, right. M: So you may expand on each point. Expand some more on what’s happened in your life and what shows your motivation and interest in this area—Geology. W: Ok, so make it a little more personal? M: Yeah. They look for that stuff. It’s critical that somebody sees what your passion is and your personal motivation for doing this. You might give a little more explanation about your unique undergraduate background, like the music program. What you got from that and why you decided to change. I mean it is kind of unusual to go from music to geology. Right? W: Yeah. I was afraid of that, you know, maybe the personal type stuff wouldn’t be what they want. But... M: You know, I think probably your music background is the most unique thing that you you’re your records. W: Right. M: So you see, you get to make yourself stand out from a couple of a hundred of applications. Does that help any? W: Yeah, it does. It gives me some good ideas. M: Also, think about presentation. I mean the presentation formats, your grammar, and all that stuff they are looking at in your materials at the same time. W: Right. OK.5 What does the woman ask the man to do for her graduate school application?6 What is the woman’s major as an undergraduate student?7 What can make the woman stand out from other applications according to the man?8 What does the man remind the woman to do at last?

6．

A．Give suggestions for revision. B．Write one for her.

C．Point out grammatical errors in it. D．Cut some unnecessary materials.

正确答案：A

解析：女士问男士有没有帮忙看过研究生入学申请书，男士评价说还不错，接着给出一系列的建议。可推断女士是想男士读后给出修改的建议，所以选A。

7． A．Law. B．Music. C．Geology. D．Biology.

正确答案：B 解析：男士开头说女士申请的是地理学专业，因为由音乐专业转向地理不同寻常，所以男士建议女士要在她专业的特殊性方面予以说明。故可知女士大学本科时期学的是音乐专业，选B。

8．

A．Her well-prepared speech. B．Her motivation and interest. C．Her unique music background. D．Her good explanations.

正确答案：C 解析：男士说他认为女士的音乐背景很可能是最独一无二的，接着又说这能让女士从几百个申请中脱颖而出。可见他认为女士独一无二的音乐背景会让自己胜出，故选C项。

9．

A．Look through her materials.

B．Make preparation for the interview. C．Pay attention to the presentation.

D．Add something to make herself stand out.

正确答案：C

解析：末尾男士提醒女士要注意表达，包括格式、语法等内容，故选C。

Section B

听力原文： In a recent study of six- and seven-year-olds in the Philadelphia area, Penn State psychologist Cindy Dell Clark found that most parents underestimate just how terrifying Halloween can be for young kids. Two thousand years ago, Celts living in what is now the United Kingdom celebrated their new year at the end of October. During these days of transition from the end of summer harvest to the beginning of winter, spirits were thought to roam among the living. The modern customs of candy and costume are rooted in medieval England. To avoid being recognized by the visiting spirits, people would dress up in masks whenever they left home. Bowls of food were placed outside to keep the ghosts happy. The practices have gradually changed into Halloween as it is known today, with parents

encouraging their own little ghosts and goblins to haunt the neighborhood. There have been few studies to examine how the holiday affects children. Child psychologists generally caution parents that the fright of some aspects of Halloween can be too much for the very young, and advise adults to keep a close eye on children and remind them of what is real and what is not. For most kids, at an age when they’re often not included in family funerals or witness to grave illnesses, Oct. 31 is often their first introduction to the subjects. Halloween also provides an opportunity for adults to confront usually uncomfortable topics like death. Kids as young as six and seven, however, don’t differentiate between real death and the store-bought skeleton figures hanging in the trees.9 What did psychologist Cindy Dell Clark find?10 Why did people dress up in masks in medieval England?11 What does the speaker say about the uncomfortable topics like death?

10．

A．The impact of Halloween on children is underestimated. B．People used to celebrate new year at the end of October. C．Spirits come out when winter begins.

D．Most parents and children are terrified by Halloween.

正确答案：A

解析：短文开篇便提到，宾州心理学家Cindy Dell Clark发现，大多数家长都低估了Halloween(万圣节前夕)对孩子的影响。A符合题意。

11．

A．To keep the ghosts happy.

B．To avoid being recognized by ghosts. C．To let the spirits roam among the living. D．To form their own customs.

正确答案：B

解析：短文提到，在中世纪的英格兰，冬天刚开始之际，人们认为到处都有鬼魂游荡；为了避免被游魂认出，人们在离开家时都会带上面具。这与B的表述一致。

12．

A．They should be carefully avoided.

B．They are just like the store-bought skeleton figures. C．They should be kept on reminding all the time. D．They can be introduced to kids during Halloween.

正确答案：D 解析：短文提到，大多数孩子在这样的年龄并不常接触到家人的葬礼或病故，因而10月31号的Halloween便是家长向孩子讲述“死亡”知识的时机。选D。

听力原文： Over 1,000 people get struck by lightning every year in the

United States, and over 100 of them die as a result of the strike. Lightning is a very dangerous force that, yes, can even reach you indoors if you’re in contact with the telephone or plumbing. If lightning strikes the phone line outside your house, the strike will travel to every phone on the line—and potentially to you if you are holding the phone. So, if you are indoors during a lightning storm, stay off the phone. If you must call someone, use a wireless or cell phone-that way, you’re not in contact with any wires that run outdoors. Stay away from plumbing pipes like your bath tub or shower, as well. Lightning has the ability to strike a house or near a house and impart an electrical charge to the metal pipes used for plumbing. If you’re touching those pipes or anything connected to those pipes, that electrical charge has a path to you. This threat is not as great as it used to be, because PVC(polyvinyl chloride)is often used for indoor plumbing these days. If you are not sure what your pipes are made of, wait it out. And while you’re at it, switch off your appliances and electronics before the storm hits. Such devices as your computer, television and air conditioner all provide potential pathways between the lightning and you.12 What does the speaker say about lightning?13 What does the speaker suggest doing when a lightning storm is outside?14 Why is the threat of plumbing strike not as great as it used to be?15 What does the speaker advise us to do before the storm hits?

13．

A．It strikes every telephone indoors. B．It is a very dangerous force.

C．It kills millions of Americans each year. D．It strikes the plumbers.

正确答案：B

解析：短文开篇便提到了闪电是一种危险的力量，不难确定B为答案。

14．

A．Staying in bed.

B．Staying off the telephone. C．Switching off the lights. D．Taking a shower.

正确答案：B

解析：短文提到，如果闪电时你在家里，请远离电话。选B。

15．

A．The materials for indoor plumbing have been improved. B．The houses recently built are much more solid. C．People won’t go anywhere when lightning. D．People will stay away from plumbing.

正确答案：A

解析：短文提到，管道遭雷击的情况没有过去那么严重，因为现在大多数室

内管道都采用了PVC材质。也就是说，室内管道的材质相对以往有所改进。选A。

16．

A．Call somebody for help. B．Stay away from your house. C．Recharge your cell phone.

D．Turn off the appliances and electronics.

正确答案：D

解析：短文最后说到，在暴风雨来临之前，关掉电器。switch off与turn off同义，选D。

Section C

听力原文： Only a few years ago, a “web log” was a little-known way of keeping an online diary. At that time, it seemed like “blogs”, as they quickly became known, were only for serious computer geeks. This didn’t last long, though, and within a very short period of time, blogs exploded—blogs were everywhere, and it seemed that almost everyone read blogs, or was a blogger. The blogging craze of a couple of years ago now seems to have died down a bit—yet thousands of blogs remain. Now blogs are no longer seen as the exclusive possession of the computer geeks, and are now seen as important and influential sources of news and opinion. So many people read blogs now, that it has even been suggested that some blogs may have been powerful enough to influence the result of the recent US election. Blogs are very easy to set up—all you need is a computer, an Internet connection and the desire to write something. The difference between a blog and a traditional Internet site is that a blog is one page consisting mostly of text, with perhaps a few pictures, and importantly, the space for people to respond to what you write. The best blogs are similar to online discussions, where people write in responses to what the blogger has written. Blogs are regularly updated—busy blogs are updated every day, or even every few hours. Not all blogs are about politics, however. There are blogs about music, film, sport, books—any subject you can imagine has its enthusiasts typing away and giving their opinions to fellow enthusiasts or anyone else who cares to read their opinions. So many people read blogs now that the world of blog writers and blog readers has its own name—the “blogosphere”. But how influential, or important, is this blogosphere really? One problem with blogs is that many people who read and write them seem only to communicate with each other. When people talk about the influence of the blogosphere, they do not take into account the millions of people around the world who are not bloggers, never read blogs, and don’t even have access to a computer, let alone a good Internet connection. Sometimes, it seems that the blogosphere exists only to influence itself, or that its influence is limited to what is actually quite a small community. Blogs seem to promise a virtual democracy—in which anyone can say anything they like, and have their opinions

heard—but who is actually listening to these opinions? There is still little hard evidence that blogs have influenced people in the way that traditional mass media(television and newspapers)have the ability to do.16 What do we learn about blogs?17 What is the difference between a blog and a traditional Internet site?18 What is “blogosphere”?19 What can be estimated about the blogs’ power of influencing people?

17．

A．They are now seen as the exclusive possession of the computer geeks. B．They used to be a way of keeping an online diary known by many people. C．They are regarded as an important way for people to get news and ideas. D．They can be seen everywhere now and people are very crazy about them.

正确答案：C 解析：录音开头提到了博客出现初期的地位和情况，博客的发展以及人们使用博客的现状。博客现在已经不是computer geeks(电脑怪才)专属的手段，而是人们得到新信息和观点的重要的、极具影响力的来源。因此，C项“博客是人们获得新信息和观点的重要方式”符合录音内容，为正确答案。

18．

A．Blogs usually include more text and pictures.

B．Blogs include the space for people to write feedbacks. C．Internet sites normally have no more than one page.

D．Internet sites enable people to respond to what you write.

正确答案：B

解析：录音提到，博客和传统网页的不同在于博客是一个“大部分由文字构成，只有少数几张图片，更重要的是，有空间让人们回应你所写的内容”的页面。因此，B项“博客有空间让人们写反馈”为正确答案。

19．

A．The world of blog writers and blog readers. B．The blogs that are read by so many people. C．The atmosphere created by the blog writers. D．The atmosphere created by the blog readers.

正确答案：A

解析：录音中间提到，太多人阅读博客了，所以现在由博主和博客阅读者组成的世界有了它自己的名字一blogosphere。因此，A项为正确答案。

20．

A．They may become an invincible power to influence people. B．They may not be as influential as the traditional mass media. C．They may determine the result of the US presidential election. D．They may change people’s attitudes towards democracy.

正确答案：B 解析：录音最后补充说明，现在还没有强有力的证据说明博客已经具备和传统大众传媒(电视和报纸)一样的能力去影响人们。因此，B项“博客可能不如传统大众传媒这么有影响力”是恰当的推测．为正确答案。

听力原文： Jeans are pants, or trousers, made from denim. Mainly designed for work, they became popular among teenagers starting in the 1950s. Historic brands include Levi’s and Wrangler. Jeans are now a very popular form of casual dress around the world, and have been so for decades. They come in many styles and colors: however, “blue jeans” are particularly identified with American culture, especially the American Old West. The American population spent more than $14 billion on jeans in 2004. Initially, blue jeans were simply sturdy trousers worn by workers, especially in the factories during World War II. During this period, men’s jeans had the zipper down the front, whereas women’s jeans had the zipper down the right side. By the 1960s, both men’s and women’s jeans had the zipper down the front. After James Dean popularized them in the movie, Rebel Without a Cause, wearing blue jeans by teenagers and young adults became a symbol of youth rebellion during the 1950s. Because of this, they were sometimes banned in theaters, restaurants and schools. During the 1960s the wearing of blue jeans became more acceptable. By the 1970s they had become a general fashion in the United States, at least for informal wear. Notably, in the mid-1970s the denim and textiles industry was revolutionized by the introduction of the stone-washing technique by GWG(Great Western Garment Co.). This helped to bring denim to a larger and more versatile market. Denim suddenly became an attractive product for all age groups. Acceptance of jeans continued through the 1980s and 1990s to the point where jeans are now a wardrobe staple, with the average North American owning seven pairs. Jeans can be worn very loose in a manner that completely conceals the shape of the wearer’s lower body, or they can be snugly fitting and show the body. Historic photographs indicate that in the decades before they became a fashion trend, jeans generally fit quite loosely, much like a pair of bib overalls without the bib. Indeed, until 1960, Levi Strauss denominated its flagship product “waist overalls” rather than “jeans”.20 What jeans are particularly identified with American culture?21 Why were jeans banned sometimes in theaters and restaurants in the 1950s?22 What was the initial style of jeans before they became a fashion trend?

21．

A．Denim jeans. B．Informal jeans. C．Jeans with zippers. D．Blue jeans.

正确答案：D

解析：录音开头提到，牛仔裤有多种款式和颜色，其中blue jeans(蓝色牛仔裤)被认为最具美国特色(特别是美国老西部)。因此D项为正确答案。

22．

A．Because they were considered informal and casual. B．Because they became a symbol of youth rebellion. C．Because they had the zipper down the front.

D．Because they were not a wardrobe staple at the time.

正确答案：B

解析：录音提到，20世纪50年代，在詹姆斯·迪安的电影《无端的反叛》将蓝色牛仔裤推广后，少年和青年穿蓝色牛仔裤被认为是青春期坂逆的象征。因此电影院、餐馆和学校有时禁止穿蓝色牛仔裤。因此B项“它们成为了青春期叛逆的象征”为正确答案。

23．

A．They were with the bib. B．They were quite loose. C．They showed the body. D．They were stone-washed.

正确答案：B

解析：录音最后提到，历史照片表明在数十年前，在它们还没有成为时尚之前，牛仔裤一般穿得很宽松，像没有吊带的吊带工装裤。因此B项“它们非常宽松”为正确答案。

听力原文： Seoul Metropolitan City plans to set up more bicycle-only roads to encourage citizens and travelers to use eco-friendly forms of transport. The plan is part of the city’s free bicycle scheme, which is similar to Paris’ Velib. Earlier in August, the city government announced it will install bike stations in various places around the city in much the same way as Paris is doing now. The French city has bike stations every 300 meters with about 20,000 public bicycles in order to reduce traffic jams and lessen environmental pollution. Travelers and citizens alike can simply swipe their ordinary travel cards and borrow the bike for a short trip. They do not need to return the bike to the same pick-up point, but can leave it at the nearest Velib stand where their journey ends. The first half hour is free but bike users have to pay for every additional 30 minutes. A subscription payment ranging from one day to a few months is also available. The 88-million-dollar plan is based on a “road diet” programme, under which the number of lanes for passenger vehicles in major roads will be cut to create new cycle paths. It calls for the construction of 17 main cycle paths totaling 200 kilometres that criss-cross the sprawling city and one downtown seven kilometre beltway. A problem confronting Seoul, however, is that the city lacks road infrastructure and related transportation law to guarantee the efficient operation of the free bicycle project. In order to secure the safety of bike riders, the city will expand the current 55-kilometer bike-only road length to up to 360 kilometers by 2016. A total of $19.2 million will be allotted to enable bike riders to

safely travel between southern and northern Seoul. In addition, the city government will introduce insurance products for bicycle riders under close cooperation with the domestic insurance industry as well as revise Transportation Law involving a bicycle. The city also will invite more ideas to better design Seoul’s version of Velib. “Although the infrastructure construction is expensive, it will bring more benefits to the metropolitan city and its citizens by promoting the eco-friendly transportation,” a Seoul city spokesman said. “Bicycle-friendly communities will make people feel safer and more comfortable while riding their bikes for purposes of both fitness and transportation. With more people bicycling, we can experience reduced traffic demands, improved air quality and greater physical fitness,” he said.23 What should travelers and citizens do when they borrow the bikes in Paris?24 What will the city Seoul do to secure the safety of bike riders?25 What are the benefits of promoting eco-friendly transportation according to the speaker?

24．

A．Return the bikes back to the same pick-up point. B．Use the bike for a short or long trip.

C．Swipe their ordinary travel cards or citizen cards again. D．Give it a pay when using the bike for over 30 minutes.

正确答案：D

解析：录音开头提到，为了缓解交通堵塞和减少环境污染。法国巴黎每隔300米就设置一个配备有2万辆公用自行车的自行车站。这些自行车使用的前半小时是免费的．但超过后按每30分钟收费一次。因此D项“使用超过30分钟要付费”为正确答案。

25．

A．Raise the bike riders’ awareness of safety. B．Revise all the transportation laws in Seoul. C．Provide free insurance for the bike riders. D．Expand the length of the bike-only roads.

正确答案：D

解析：录音中间提到，为了确保骑车人的安全，首尔将在2016年前将目前55公里长的自行车专用道延长至360公里。因此D项“增加自行车专用道的长度”为正确答案。

26．

A．Improved air condition and better health. B．Reduced traffic costs and the greater fitness. C．Less infrastructure demands and construction. D．More friendly communities and environment.

正确答案：A

解析：录音最后提到，随着越来越多的首尔市民骑自行车，我们就能拥有更

顺畅的交通、更洁净的空气和更棒的身体。因此A项“改善的空气质量和改善的健康情况”正确。

Part III Reading Comprehension

Section A

The local education authority compiled a list of “potential security problems” on campus last week. They include fire accidents, traffic accidents, crime, bombing, stealing, social communication problems and【C1】______. “Though the ‘ivory tower’ shuts out some dangers from the outside world, it is not a paradise【C2】______to crimes and accidents. School-safety has been in focus,” said an official of the local Education Committee. In the first six months of this year, 25 students were victims of【C3】______accidents or crimes and 10 students committed suicide. While numbers remain low, how can campuses be made safer places to live in? Making safety education compulsory is the governments’ answer. University students will soon receive compulsory classes. In the lessons, they will learn how to protect themselves by looking at real【C4】______on campus. For example, girls will learn when and where sexual harassment(骚扰)is most【C5】______to happen. They will also get【C6】______on how to protect themselves, like not wearing mini skirts in crowded public places. Students should not only be aware of the dangers from the outside, but also those self-inflicted. Even though it【C7】______last in the list, it doesn’t mean suicide is the least serious. The newspaper【C8】______a growing number of suicide attempts on September 15. Between May and July, three university students killed themselves by jumping from buildings. One girl left a note saying that she was “sick of life and【C9】______.” In the safety course, students are given tips on how to cope with pressure. They are also encouraged to go to the school psychologists if they feel depressed. They will learn what to do if their classmates behave【C10】______because of depression.A)comes E)normally I)tips M)fatalB)immune F)abnormally J)headlines N)escalatesC)perpetual G)reflected K)likely O)suicidesD)depressed H)reported L)cases

27． 【C1】

正确答案：O

解析：此处需要与accidents，crime，bombing，stealing，problems并列的名词，且都表消极意义，所以答案是suicides“自杀”。此外，根据第3段段末的committed suicide也可进一步确认。

28． 【C2】

正确答案：B

解析：此处需要形容词或动词的过去分词，与to crimes and accidents一起作

paradise的后置定语。从上下文语义的逻辑性看，动词过去分词都不合适，那么空白处应该是形容词。immune“免疫的”可与介词to连用，immune to crimes and accidents意为“不受犯罪和事故的影响”。

29． 【C3】

正确答案：M

解析：此处需要形容词作定语，修饰accidents。根据上下文的victims，accidents or crimes，suicide等词，可知此处是表示消极意义的形容词。词库中符合条件的有fatal“致命的”和depressed“消沉的”。从与accidents搭配的逻辑性来看，fatal比较合适，指这25个学生是致命事故或犯罪的受害者。

30． 【C4】

正确答案：L

解析：此处需要名词作looking at的宾语。根据下文for example后提到的避免性骚扰的事例，可知cases比较合适。real cases on campus意为“校园的真实案例”。

31． 【C5】

正确答案：K

解析：空格前的most表明此处需要形容词，且后面可跟不定式to do sth．。从上下文语义的逻辑性看，likely“很可能的”正确，即most likely to happen“最可能发生”。

32． 【C6】

正确答案：I 解析：此处需要名词作get的宾语。根据后文on how to protect themselves“关于如何保护自己”，可知正确答案为tips“提示，技巧”。

33． 【C7】

正确答案：A

解析：此处需填入even though让步状语从句的谓语动词。后一分句doesn’t mean使用了一般现在时，而空格前的从句主语为it，由此可知该谓语动词为第三人称单数形式。comes last in the list意为“在列表中排在最后”，故comes正确。

34． 【C8】

正确答案：H

解析：此处需要谓语动词，由后一句中的killed可知该动词也要用过去式。句子的主语是newspaper“报纸”，宾语为a growing number of suicide attempts“日

益上升的自杀企图”，由此可以推断谓语动词为reported“报道”。

35． 【C9】

正确答案：D

解析：此处需要形容词或分词，和sick of life“厌倦生活”并列作表语，且也表示消极意义。depressed“消沉的”符合要求。

36． 【C10】

正确答案：F

解析：此处需要副词作状语，修饰从句谓语动词behave“表现”。根据下文的because of depression“因为意志消沉”可知这个副词应该是消极意义的，所以答案应该是abnormally“反常的”。

Section B

The Beauty Advantage[A]Most of us have heard the story of Debrahlee Lorenzana, the 33-year-old Queens, N.Y., woman who sued Citibank last month, claiming that she was fired from her desk job for being “too hot.” But for all the talk about this woman’s motives—and whether or not she was indeed fired for her looks— there’s one question nobody seems to want to ask: isn’t it possible Lorenzana’s looks got her the job in the first place?[B]Not all employers are that shallow—but it’s no secret we are a culture consumed by image. Economists have long recognized what’s been dubbed the “beauty premium”—the idea that pretty people, whatever their aspirations, tend to do better in, well, almost everything. Handsome men earn, on average, 5 percent more than their less-attractive counterparts(good-looking women earn 4 percent more): pretty people get more attention from teachers, bosses, and mentors: even babies stare longer at good-looking faces(and we stare longer at good-looking babies).[C]A couple of decades ago, when the economy was thriving, we might have brushed off those statistics as superficial. But now, there’s a growing bundle of research to show that our bias against the unattractive—our “beauty bias,”—is more pervasive than ever. And when it comes to the workplace, it’s looks, not merit, that all too often rule.[D]Consider the following: over his career, a good-looking man will make some $250,000 more than his least-attractive counterpart, according to economist Daniel Hamermesh: 13 percent of women, according to the American Society of Plastic Surgeons, say they’d consider cosmetic surgery if it made them more competitive at work. Both points are disturbing, certainly. But in the current economy, when employers have more hiring options than ever, looks, it seems, aren’t just important: they’re critical. Newsweek surveyed 202 corporate hiring managers, from human-resources staff to senior-level vice presidents, as well as 964 members of the public, only to confirm what no qualified(or unqualified)employee wants to admit: from hiring to office politics to promotions, even, looking good is no longer something we can dismiss as unimportant or vain.[E]Fifty-seven percent of

hiring managers told Newsweek that qualified but unattractive candidates are likely to have a harder time landing a job, while more than half advised spending as much time and money on “making sure they look attractive” as on perfecting a resume. When it comes to women: 61 percent of managers said it would be an advantage for a woman to wear clothing showing off her figure at work. Asked to rank employee attributes in order of importance, meanwhile, managers placed looks above education: of nine character traits, it came in third, below experience and confidence but above “where a candidate went to school”.[F]Does that mean you should drop out of Harvard and invest in a nose job? Probably not. But a state school might be just as marketable. “This is the new reality of the job market,” says one New York recruiter, who asked to have her name withheld because she advises job candidates for a living. “It’s better to be average and good-looking than brilliant and unattractive.”[G]Beauty is linked to confidence: and it’s a combination of looks and confidence that we often equate with smarts. Perhaps there’s some evidence to that: if handsome kids get more attention from teachers, then, sure, maybe they do better in school and, ultimately, at work. But the more likely plot is what scientists dub the “halo(光圈，光晕)effect”—that, like a pack of untrained puppies, we are captivated by beauty, blindly ascribing intelligent traits to go along with it.[H]There are various forces to blame for much of this, from an economy that allows pickiness to a plastic-surgery industry that encourages superficial notions of beauty. In reality, it’s a meeting point of cultural forces that has left us clutching, desperately, to an ever-evolving beauty ideal. Today’s young workers were reared on the kind of reality TV and pop culture that screams, again and again, that everything is a candidate for upgrade. We’ve watched bodies transformed on Extreme Makeover, faces taken apart and pieced back together on I Want a Famous Face. We compare ourselves with the airbrushed images in advertisements and magazines, and read surveys—that confirm our worst fears. We are a culture more sexualized than ever, with technology that’s made it easier than ever to “better” ourselves, warping our standards for what’s normal. Plastic surgery used to be for the rich and famous: today we’ve leveled the playing field with cheap stupid jobs, and outpatient procedures you can get on your lunch break. Where that leads us is running to stand still: taught that good looks are no longer a gift but a ceaseless pursuit.[I]Deborah Rhode, a Stanford law professor and author of The Beauty Bias, is herself an interesting case study. During her term as chair of the American Bar Association’s commission on working women, she was struck by how often the nation’s most powerful females were stranded in cab lines and late for meetings because, in heels, walking any distance was out of the question. These were working, powerful, leading women, she writes. Why did they insist on wearing heels? Sure, some women just like heels.[J]But there is also the reality that however hard men have it—and, from an economic perspective, their “beauty premium” is higher, say economists—women will always face a double bind, expected to conform to the beauty standards of the day, yet simultaneously condemned for doing so. Recruiters may think women like Lorenzana can get ahead for showing off their looks, but 47 percent also believe it’s possible for a woman to be penalized for being “too good-looking.” Whether or not any of it pays off, there’s something terribly wrong

when 6-year-olds are using makeup, while their mothers spend the equivalent of a college education just keeping their faces intact. “All of this is happening against a background of more women in the workplace, in all kinds of jobs, striving toward wage equality,” says Harvard psychologist Nancy Etcoff. “So we’re surprised—but we shouldn’t be—how this beauty curse continues to haunt us.”[K]To add an extra layer of complexity, there’s the puzzling problem of aging in a culture where younger workers are more skillful, cheaper, and, well, nicer on the eyes. Eighty-four percent of managers told Newsweek they believe a qualified but visibly older candidate would make some employers hesitate, and while ageism affects men, too, it’s particularly tough for women. As Rhode puts it, silver hair and wrinkled brows may make aging men look “distinguished,” but aging women risk marginalization or scorn for their efforts to pass as young. “This double standard,” Rhode writes, “leaves women not only perpetually worried about their appearance-but also worried about worrying.”[L]The quest for beauty may be a centuries—old charm, but in the present day the reality is ugly. Beauty has more influence than ever—not just over who we work with, but whether we work at all.

37． The idea of beauty premium is the beauty inclines to be better.

正确答案：B

解析：根据beauty premium和better定位到B段第2句。该句破折号的内容正是对“美貌津贴”的进一步解释：长相漂亮的人倾向于在各方面表现得更好。本题句子的inclines to对应原文的tend to。

38． As the halo effect goes, we often mistakenly equate beauty with intelligence.

正确答案：G

解析：根据halo effect和equate…with定位到G段。破折号后面的内容是对halo effect(光晕效应)的进一步解释：就如同一群未经训练的小狗，我们都会被美丽的外表所迷惑，进而盲目地认为美丽的人自然也是聪明的。本题句子的mistakenly与原文的blindly对应，intelligence对应intelligent traits。

39． Last month, a bank was sued by one of its former employees for unfair dismissal.

正确答案：A

解析：根据Last month，bank和sued定位到A段。原文说，花旗银行以穿着“太辣”为由解雇了旗下一名员工，因而在上个月遭到该员工的起诉。本题句子的dismissal对应原文的fired。

40． According to an economist, the good-looking advantage can make people earn more.

正确答案：D

解析：根据economist和good-looking定位到D段。Daniel Hamermesh的数据提到，长相俊美的男性在整个职业生涯里要比长相最平庸的男性多赚25万美元。本题句子的earn more对应原文的make some $250,000 more。

41． With the thriving of the plastic surgery, the pursuit of good looks becomes a ceaseless process.

正确答案：H

解析：根据plastic surgery、pursuit、good looks和ceaseless定位到H段。该段后半部分提到，整形手术以前是富人和名人的专利，现在一般人也能够享用了。导致我们停滞不前的是：我们被教导美貌不再是一种天赋，而是一种无止境的追求。本题句子概括了原文的意思。

42． As to land a job, more than half of hiring managers suggest spending time beautifying one’s looks.

正确答案：E

解析：根据more than half、hiring managers和spending定位到E段。while后面的内容表明，有超过一半的人力资源主管建议应花费同样多的时间和金钱在“确保自己看上去有魅力”和完善简历方面。本题句子的beautifying one’s look对应原文的making sure they look attractive。

43． Managers consider experience as the most important attribute of an employee.

正确答案：E

解析：根据experience和attribute定位到E段最后一句。该句提到，若将员工特质按重要程度排序，主管们认为：在九大性格特征之中，相貌位列第三，排在教育之前，经验和自信之后。由此推断，排行第一的是经验。本题句子与原文信息吻合。

44． A law professor found that the nation’s most powerful females were often late for meetings because of wearing high heels.

正确答案：I

解析：根据A law professor most powerful females、late for meetings和heels定位到I段。该段提到，Deborah Rhode惊讶于这个国家最强势的女性们经常困在等待出租车的队伍中而赶不上开会。原因是穿着高跟鞋，哪怕再近的距离也是不可能步行过去的。本题句子与原文信息一致.

45． Employers seem unwilling to hire qualified but visibly older candidates.

正确答案：K

解析：根据qualified but visibly older candidates定位到K段。该段提到，年纪较轻的劳动者更有技术、更廉价，并且看起来更养眼。84％的经理认为，具备资格但看起来更年长的求职者会让一些老板犹豫不决。本题句子与原文意思吻合。

46． People think women should try to conform to the beauty standards but meanwhile blame them for doing so.

正确答案：J

解析：根据conform to the beauty standards和blame them for doing so定位到J段。女性常常面临这样进退两难的境地：被期望能符合时代的审美标准，同时因为这样做而被谴责。本题句子是对原文的同义改写。

Section C

Amazon. com’s recent announcement that sales of e-books at the online megastore had overtaken sales of hardcover books came as no surprise. It had to happen sometime. But the news did evoke quite an interesting mental image: libraries that from now on will look smaller and less crowded. For the moment, let’s not argue with the proposition that people will read as much as they ever have. The habits of readers may not change. But if readers aren’t changing, their environments will. Rooms that once held books will—well, whatever they hold from now on, it won’t be books. Or not as many books. Theoretically, your space will be more spare, less disordered. That’s the theory, at least. All of this has already happened big time in the music business, where downloads have gradually but surely replaced CDs. All those CDs taking up space on the wall—gone. From now on, we’ll own what might be described as the idea of stuff, since the actual physical things—records, tapes, photographs, CDs, and now books—have been as good as vaporized, with the information contained therein stored away on a hard drive. This, of course, is merely subordinate damage in the digital revolution, if damage it is. There’s as yet no way to tell if this transition is good, bad, both, or neither, but surely the absence of a physical library, be it musical or literary, marks a fundamental shift in the way we live and think about things. In music, for example, the rise of iTunes, YouTube, and all the other online music suppliers has quickly eroded our devotion to the long-playing album as the principal means of organizing music. With books, the absence of packaging does nothing to the contents. I can buy a hardcover copy of “Moby-Dick” or download it onto an e-reader, and Melville is still Melville. But I grew up loving Rockwell Kent’s illustrations of that novel, and later Barry Moser’s. It’s hard to think of the book without them. I can do that, certainly, but some little thing is lost. For years audiophiles(唱片爱好者)have tried to persuade more casual music fans that a vinyl record(黑胶唱片)played on a decent sound system sounds better than a digital recording played on the same system. Digital sound is not as warm, not as seductive to the ear. Something of the same argument might be made for books, or for the

tactile(触觉)pleasure of holding and reading a well-made book. At its simplest, a book is a tool, or an information-delivery system. To conceive of a world without physical books is to conceive of a world somehow diminished. It may be more efficient—yes, you can take a “stack” of books on vacation with an e-reader. But efficiency is no substitute for pleasure. The future may be less disordered. It may also be less fun.

47． What happened according to expectation?

A．E-books would be more popular than hardcover ones. B．Readers would eventually give up hardcover books. C．People would be increasingly interested in reading. D．Libraries would look smaller and less disordered.

正确答案：A

解析：题目中的according to expectation表示“正如所料”，第1段第1句中的no surprise和第2句It had to happen…都表明第1句提到的“电子书的销量已经超过了精装书”是意料之内的事，A与此内容最为相近，故为本题答案。

48． What can be classified as the idea of stuff, according to the author? A．Hard drives.

B．Downloaded music. C．Music stores.

D．CDs, records and tapes.

正确答案：B 解析：第3段最后一句中的since表明前后两句构成因果关系。这一句表明，我们现在拥有的东西可以称为the idea of stuff，因为the actual physical things(真实可见的东西)已经消失了，剩下的只有原先保存在这些东西里的信息，而人们下载的音乐就属于这样的信息，因此，本题应选B。

49． Without the physical library, our lives will _____. A．remain quite the same B．become unpredictable C．change dramatically D．be greatly damaged

正确答案：C 解析：解题关键在于对第4段第2句的理解。该句中的a fundamental shift(根本转变)表明，实体图书馆的消失会让我们的生活发生巨大的改变。因此，本题应选C。

50． “Melville” is most probably the name of _____. A．a novel B．a critic

C．a library D．a writer

正确答案：D

解析：首先可以判断“Moby-Dick”是一本小说。根据该段内容可大致推断，Melville很可能与“Moby-Dick”一样是一本小说，或是“Moby-Dick”中的某个角色，又或是“Moby-Dick”的作者，但其后提到的that novel和the book都表明这里只有“Moby-Dick”一本书。因此，Melville不可能是另一本小说的名字，这样看来，本题最符合推断的是D。

51． According to the last paragraph, the author believes that physical books _____.

A．are no more than a simple tool B．are generally better than e-books C．bring about a diminished world D．bring about irreplaceable delight

正确答案：D

解析：倒数第3句表明电子书的“高效率”不能代替传统纸质书带来的“快乐”，D中的delight和原文的pleasure和fun同义，irreplaceable为“不可代替”的意思，与no substitute对应，可见D为本题答案。

Are your Facebook friends more interesting than those you have in real life? Has high-speed Internet made you impatient with slow-speed children? Do you sometimes think about reaching for the fast-forward button, only to realize that life does not come with a remote control? If you answered yes to any of those questions, exposure to technology may be slowly reshaping your personality. Some experts believe excessive use of the Internet, cellphones and other technologies can cause us to become more impatient, impulsive, forgetful and even more narcissistic(自我陶醉的). In a study to be published in the journal Cyberpsychology, Behavior and Social Networking, researchers from the University of Melbourne in Australia subjected 173 college students to tests measuring risk for problematic Internet and gambling behaviors. About 5 percent of the students showed signs of gambling problems, but 10 percent of the students posted scores high enough to put them in the at-risk category for Internet “addiction.” Technology use was clearly interfering with the students’ daily lives, but it may be going too far to call it an addiction, says Nicki Dowling, a clinical psychologist who led the study. Ms. Dowling prefers to call it “Internet dependence.” Typically, the concern about our dependence on technology is that it takes away our time with family and friends in the real world. But psychologists have become intrigued by a more subtle and insidious(潜伏的)effect of our online interactions. It may be that the immediacy of the Internet, the efficiency of the iPhone and the anonymity(匿名状态)of the chat room change the core of who we are. There is no easy way to conquer a dependence on technology. Nicholas Carr, author of the new book “The Shallows: What the Internet Is Doing to Our Brains,”

says that social and family responsibilities, work and other pressures influence our use of technology. “The deeper a technology is woven into the patterns of everyday life, the less choice we have about whether and how we use that technology,” Mr. Carr wrote in a recent blog post on the topic. Some experts suggest simply trying to reduce the amount of time you spend online. Set limits for how often you check e-mail or force yourself to leave your cellphone at home occasionally. The problem is similar to an eating disorder, says Dr. Kimberly Young, a professor at St. Bonaventure University in New York. Technology, like food, is an essential part of daily life, and those suffering from disordered online behavior cannot give it up entirely and instead have to learn moderation and controlled use. She suggests therapy to determine the underlying issues that set off a person’s need to use the Internet “as a way of escape.”

52． Nicki Dowling agreed that over use of technology _____. A．might result in gambling problems B．coincided with gambling behaviors

C．affected students’ lives in a negative way D．could make students’ lives more efficient

正确答案：C

解析：由人名Nicki Dowling定位到第3段。第1句中的interfere with…意为“妨碍”，C中的affect…in a negative way与此同义，故本题应选C。

53． What do psychologists think about the immediacy of the Internet? A．It increases our dependence on technology. B．It reduces our dependence on technology. C．It benefits the shaping of our personality. D．It reshapes our personality intrinsically.

正确答案：D

解析：由immediacy of the Internet定位到第4段。第4段第2句中的more subtle and insidious effect(更加细微、隐伏的影响)和第3句提到的change the core of who we are(改变我们的性格)表明，the immediacy of the Internet(网络的迅捷)以一种潜在的方式改变着我们的性格。由此可见，本题应选D“它从本质上重新塑造我们的性格”。

54． According to Nicholas Carr, our use of technology is most influenced by _____.

A．our own life styles B．its social influences

C．the kinds of technologies available to us D．our own attitudes towards technologies

正确答案：A

解析：该句表明social and family responsibilities，work and other pressures都会影响我们对科技的使用情况，这些都属于我们的生活方式。本题应选A。

55． Dr. Kimberly Young would like to compare _____to an eating disorder. A．our use of technology B．the effects of technology C．the necessity for technology D．our dependence on technology

正确答案：D

解析：若能找到最后一段第3句开头The problem的所指，就能找到本题答案。上一段第1句提到了这个问题是dependence on technology，本题应选D。

56． The “underlying issues” are most probably _____. A．how a person looks at the Internet B．what a person wants to escape from C．the measures against escapism D．the implicit benefits of the Internet

正确答案：B 解析：原文该句中underlying issues后的定语从句说明underlying issues应该是让人将网络作为逃避方式的深层原因，最可能就是指人想要逃避的问题，因此本题应选B。

Part Ⅳ Translation

57． 中国人的姓名有自己的传统和特点。与西方人不同，中国人的姓名是姓在前，名在后。名通常为1-2个汉字。中国人的姓名传达特殊意义，名字往往表达对新生儿的美好祝愿。有一些名字暗示出生的地点、时间或自然现象，如晨(早晨)、冬(冬天)；有些体现希望具有某种美德，如忠(忠心)；其他则表达对生活的愿景，如健(健康)。如今中国共有3500个姓氏被普遍使用，使用最多的前三位是李、王、张。中国人有使用自己名字的平等权利，受法律保护。

正确答案： The names of Chinese people have their own tradition and characteristics. Unlike westerners, the family name in China is put first, followed by the given name. The given name usually contains one or two Chinese characters. Chinese names convey special meaning, with the given names often expressing the best of wishes on the new-born. Some imply the birthplace, birth time or natural phenomenon, like Chen(morning), Dong(winter): Some embody the hope of virtue, like Zhong(faithful)while others express the wishes of life, like Jian(health). Together 3,500 family names are commonly used nowadays in China and the most popular three are Li, Wang and Zhang. All Chinese people have equal rights to use their own names, which are legally protected.

解析：1．“姓在前，名在后”，姓名的顺序是由人来决定的，所以在这里用

被动语态is put；因为名字紧接在姓的后 面，用followed by再合适不过了。2．“中国人的姓名传达特殊意义，名字往往表达……”后一分句是对前一句的补充，前面主语不一样，后半句翻译成 英文时转化成“with+n．+现在分词”结构作伴随状语。3．“使用最多的前三位”必须使用比较级最高级，“使用最多”即最大众化的、最普遍的，所以翻译成the most popular three。