Unit Two Nine Years for A and B
Key to Exercise II 1. impart 5. magnitude 9. withhold 2. drudgery 6. slippery 10. indispensable 3. pertinacity 7. converged 11. culled 4. vista 8. faltered 12. winnowing 13. apt 14. skimped
15. enterprise
Key to Exercise III 1. principally 2. except 3. to 4. and 6. usage 7. what
8. say 9. once 11. offered 12. dictionary 13. for 14. brought 16. one’s
17. the 18. anyone 19. with 21. definitions 22. only 23. first-hand 24. not 26. task 27. vast
28. literature 29. cover 31. word 32. occurrence 33. ordinary 34. each 36. itself 37. writing
38. bound 39. such
41. As 42. alphabetized 43. completed 44. anywhere 46. places 47. that 48. use 49. some 51. re-reads 52. stack 53. are 54. Finally 56. what 57. about 58. influenced 59. ought 61. not 62. about 63. a
64. of 66. past 67. a 68. example 69. in 71. word 72. but 73. from 74. of 76.
regard
77.
is
78.
of
79.
else
81. by 82. the 83. it 84. new 86. words 87. have 88. today
Key to Exercise IV
The meaning or meanings of a word are determined by usage. If we want to know what a word means, we must find ∧by studying concrete cases in which the word is actually used by the speakers and writers. The objectively scientific investigator of the
meaning of a word must, for practice, depend chiefly on written material alone. One’s memory of past conversations is notoriously reliable, and the practical difficulties involved in taking conver-
5. authority 10. over 15. way 20. eccentric 25. simply 30. copy 35. context 40. editing 45. illustrative 50. discards 55. hard-and-fast 60. or 65. meant 70. we 75. audible 80.
speak
85. us
1. out 2. the 3. objective 4. in 5. alone 6. unreliable 7. √
Nine Years for A and B - Christopher Ricks 2
sations∧verbatim make it needful to fall back on printed matters as the chief source for the concrete
cases which must be studied. But luckily there is available for study a vast mass amount of printed material, and these material yields an abundance
of concrete cases in which the word under the study occurs. Indeed, a word in a general use occurs in print so often that the investigator∧overwhelmed by the abundance of his material, unless he limits∧to a selection: he can study only a smaller proportion of the total number of the occurrences of the word over investigation. Thus, the word mahogany must ∧appeared in print several million times during the present century alone, and no investigator or no group of investigators could find the time or the money need to study all these occurrences of the word. This difficulty is a familiar one to scientific research. The method under investigation used
in such cases is that of sampling in random. One collects∧many concrete cases as one can handle,
and then proceeds to study the cases that will have been collected, make the assumption that the cases collected are representative for the whole body of pertinent material.
Key to Exercise V (for reference only)
8. down 9. matter 10. But 11. amount 12. this 13. the 14. a 15. is 16. himself 17. small 18. the 19. under 20. have 21. no 22. √ 23. needed 24. in 25. of 26. at 27. as 28. will 29. making 30. of
1. As soon as he arrived in Bangkok, the premier plunged into a period of intense diplomacy. 2. A typhoon is drawing near. We will suffer loss if we don't get a move on.
3. Politicians are usually alive to the needs and wishes of their constituents during an election year.
Nine Years for A and B - Christopher Ricks 3
4. If you are not going to help, at least don't get in the way.
5. Although the dividends are the same, this is a better investment in that it is quite safe. 6. She sewed beautifully and took pride in her work.
7. You are chasing wild geese; the men you are looking for have long since left Guangzhou. 8. The way Mr. Wu receives visitors with complaints makes for a good story. 9. The charge against this man goes for anyone who trespasses on my land.
10. They readily grasped at our proposal so as to extricate themselves from the dilemma.
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