第一课
一、试卷分析
准确地抓住并理解文章或段落的主题思想是十分重要的。但是仅仅粗略地看懂大意， 不可能真正理解所有细节。只有准确理解全部细节，才能深刻而又全面地领悟主题思想。 因为段落中的细节都是用来阐明主旨大意的，辅助论据支撑或阐述主题思想。因此，属于细节类的理解题既可检测阅读者对主旨大意理解的深度，又可测定他们对每个细节准确领会的广度。
从NMET开始以来，细节理解题占阅读理解题总量的百分之五十以上。例如1990年试 题中20道阅读理解题，细节题就占了10题： 1．Annealing can make metal ______.(70) 2. Why do people put hot metal in water? (71)
3. In annealing, the required hardness of a metal depends on ____.(72)
4. How did Mr. Cassatt react (反应) when his daughter made her announcement? (74)
5. What in fact was Mr. Cassatt's main reason in opposing his daughter's wish? (75)
6. Which of the following maps shows rightly the positions of Benin and its neighbouring
countries?
7. For how long was Benin under France? (82)
8. For how long was Benin an independent state before it became a People's Republic? (83) 9. Choose the right order in which the following people ruled in Benin.(84) 10. When and how did Benin get its two names—Benin and Dahomey? (85) 我们再来看看1999年的试题中细节题占了多少？
1.Philadelphia is thought to be the best home for the diary because ____.(53) 2.Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the diary? (54) 3.From the text, we learn that the diary is now owned by _____. (52)
4.David Tebbutt started Computertown UK with the purpose of ____.(59)
5.Which is the best ticket to buy if you live in London and want to go to a small town 80 miles
away for four days? (60)
6.A man bought himself a ticket of ￡15 and three tickets for his family with a family railcard. How much did he pay? (61)
7.The reason Father was in a hurry to get home was that he ______.(63)
8.People would stop feeling uneasy when realising that the children they're talking to _____. (67)
通过对1990年和1999年试卷的对比分析，可以看出越来越重视对考生综合理解能力的考 查。卷面已逐渐增加了对主旨大意，作者的意图，观点，心理等深层次理解题的分量。
即使是细节题，也不象90年试题那样容易从原文中找到根据，而是需要考生根据文中的 信息，通过自己的归纳总结，能对图表进行辨别，能对发展顺序进行判断，以及能对具体情况进行计算。这就需要考生能真正理解文章内容及主题思想，抱有碰运气或者猜的思想是行不通的。
在阅读考核中，查找主要事实或特定细节常见的题型是： 1． Which of the following statements is (not) true (or correct)? 2． Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?
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3． All of the following are true except...
4． The author (or the passage) states that...
5． According to the passage, when (where, why, how, who, what, which, etc.)...?
当然，针对某一具体的文章，还可以有各种各样，形形色色的设问方式。对于细节题，也可以说对于任何阅读理解题，考生必须根据文章提供的信息进行答题，而不能根据自己的主观判断或者一般常识来答题。切记！切记！
二、基本训练
The Louisiana Purchase（购买）proved to be the wisest business agreement in the entire history of the United States of America. First it doubled the area of the U.S. and provided territory（领土）from which 14 new states were created either wholly or in part. Second, it gave the Americans full control over the mouth of the Mississippi River and opened up the way to foreign trade. Before the purchase was made, the waterway had been blocked by the Spanish fleet（舰队）, probably with the approval of Napoleon. Third, the land was rich in wood for building, minerals and natural resources of other kinds. And finally, the cost of this business was extraordinarily low. The total of $ 15,000,000 amounted to about 4 cents an acre.
1． Before the Louisiana Purchase, _____.
A. The relations between America and Spain had been poor B. America had no system of foreign trade C. America was in great need of natural resources D. Land in general was selling for 4 cents an acre 2． After the Louisiana Purchase, ______. A. America became friendly with Spain B. all the Americans became very rich
C. America had a territory twice the size as itself before
D. America spent so much money that it became weaker and poorer
3． When the American people fully controlled the mouth of the Mississippi River, _____. A. a terrible war broke out between the U.S. and Spain B. their foreign trade developed more quickly C. got more natural resources
D. the whole nation greatly benefited from the purchase
4． The land the American people bought through diplomacy（外交方式）provided the American people with ______.
A. more freedom B. more chance of work C. more natural resources D. more benefits 三、高考实战 （93年高考阅读题）
On the evening of June 21,1992,a tall man with brown hair and blue eyes entered the beautiful hall of the Bell Tower Hotel in Xi'an with his bicycle . The hotel workers received him and telephoned the manager, for they had never seen a bicycle in the hotel hall before though they lived in \"the kingdom of bicycles\".
Robert Friedlander, an American ,arrived in Xi'an on his bicycle trip across Asia which started last
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December in New Delhi, India. When he was 11, he read the book Marco Polo and made up his mind to visit the Silk Road . Now, after 44 years, he was on the Silk Road in Xi'an and his early dreams were coming true.
Robert Friedlander's next destinations (目的地)were Lanzhou, Dunhuang, Urumqi, etc. He will complete his trip in Pakistan.
61. The best headline (标题) for his newspaper article would be .
A. The Kingdom of Bicycles B. A Beautiful Hotel in Xi'an
C. Marco Polo and the Silk Road D. An American Achieving His Aims 62. The hotel workers told the manager about Friedlander coming to the hotel because . A. he asked to see the manager B. he entered the hall with a bike
C. the manager had to know about all foreign guests
D. the manager knew about his trip and was expecting him
63. Friedlander is visiting the three countries in the following order . A. China, India, and Pakistan B. India, China, and Pakistan C. Pakistan, China, and India D. China, Pakistan, and India 64. What made Friedlander want to come to China?
A. The stories about Marco Polo. B. The famous sights in Xi'an.
C. His interest in Chinese silk. D. His childhood dreams about bicycles. 65. Friedlander can be said to be .
A. clever B. friendly C. hardworking D. strong-minded
A young man from a village called Nawalapitiya married a young woman from Maliyuwa, a nearby village. They lived with the man's big family—his parents, his brothers, their wives and children. The family kept an elephant, in which the young woman soon took a great interest. Every day she fed it with fruit and sugar.
Three months later the woman went back to her parents' home, having quarrelled with her husband. Soon the elephant refused to eat and work. It appeared to be ill and heart-broken. One morning after several weeks the animal disappeared from the house.
It went to the woman's home. On seeing her, the elephant waved its trunk and touched her with it. The young woman was so moved(感动) by the act of the animal that she returned to her husband's home.
66. The writer wrote the story in order to . A. show that elephants are very clever B. tell how a woman trained a wild animal
C. show that women care more for animals than men do
D. tell how an animal reunited a husband and wife 67. The woman left her new home .
A. to visit her own parents in Maliyuwa B. to see if the elephant would follow her C. because she was angry with her husband D. because she was tired of the large family 68. After the young woman left her husband's home, the elephant .
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A. returned to the forest B. was sad because it missed her C. went to look for a new home D. was sick because nobody fed it 69. The young wife went back to her husband because .
A. she knew he had sent the animal to her B. the elephant had come to look for her
C. her parents persuaded her to D. she missed her new home
For thousands of years, man has enjoyed the taste of apples. Apples, which are about 85 percent
water, grow almost everywhere in the world but the hottest and coldest areas (地区). Among the leading countries in apple production are China, France and the United States.
There are various kinds of apples, but a very few make up the majority of those grown for sale . The three most common kinds grown in the United States are Delicious, Golden Delicious, and Mcintosh.
Apples are different in colour, size, and taste . The colour of the skin may be red, green, or yellow. They have various sizes, with Delicious apples being among the largest. The taste may be sweet or tart(酸的). Generally, sweet apples are eaten fresh while tart apples are used to make applesauce(苹果酱).
Apple trees may grow as tall as twelve metres. They do best in areas that have very cold winters. Although no fruit is yielded during the winter, this cold period is good for the tree. 70. It can be learned from the text that Delicious apples are A. grown in France B. sold everywhere C. very big 71. Cold winter weather is good for .
A. the growth of apple trees B. producing large apples C. improving the taste of apples D. the increase of water in apples 72. China, France and the United States are considered to . A. be large producers of apples
B. be large producers of applesauce
C. have the longest history in apple production
D. have the coldest winter among apple producing countries 73. The word yielded in the last sentence means .
A. improved B. increased C. produced D. sold
Santa Fe, the capital of New Mexico, U.S.A., is in the central part of the state, on the Santa Fe River which flows into the Rio Grands 35 kilometres west of the city .More than two thousand metres above sea level, it lies in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains with the Ortiz Mountains to the southeast. Santa Fe was founded in 1609 by the Spanish(西班牙人) on an old Indian village . In 1680 the Indians seized the place but only held it for twelve years before the Spanish retook it .The city remained under Spanish rule until Mexico won its independence (独立)in 1821. From then on it was a Mexican city until 1846 when it was taken over by U.S. troops.
With a population of 48, 953, Santa Fe is now the second largest city in the state. Because of its
sunny weather, rich history and surrounding mountains, it is a good place for holiday makers. Besides hunting and skating in the mountains people enjoy shopping in the Indian and Spanish shops, which brings a large income to the city every year. In summer there is an international opera (歌剧) season
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D. quite sweet
when operas are shown in a partly-roofed, open-air theatre daily for people from all over the world. 74. At present Santa Fe belongs to .
A. India B. Mexico C. Spain (西班牙)
D. the United States
75. Which of the drawings _____ below gives an idea of what Santa Fe is like? RG=the Rio Grande SFR= the Santa Fe River OM=the Ortiz Mountains
76. Santa Fe was under the rule of the Mexicans in .
A. 1675 B. 1695 C. 1816 D. 1833
77. The people who held Santa Fe for the longest period in history were the . A. Spanish B. Indians C. Mexicans
D. Americans
78. What is of special interest to people who visit Santa Fe in summer?
A. Hunting. B. Fishing. C. Watching operas. D. Doing shopping. 79. Santa Fe is best described (描述) as a .
A. trade centre B. holiday centre C. home for all nations D. seaport city 80. One of the reasons for visitors to come to Santa Fe is that it . A. has fine weather B. is the state capital C. has historical monuments D. is on the Santa Fe River 四、能力提高
Like each living thing, languages are always changing. There are many reasons that can explain why they are always changing, but three main causes help explain this interesting phenomenon. Firstly, in very early times some different languages that originated from the same parent developed their own uniqueness（特殊性）after speakers moved away from one place to another. During the course of their movements, their unique languages came into being. Another main cause of language change is the influence of interaction（相互作用）with foreign cultures, often as a result of military conquest（军事征服）. The third cause for change is rapidly expanding（扩大的）technology and new systems of communication that bring all cultures and languages into closer contact（联系）, with
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borrowing between languages a common phenomenon in the present world. All languages change as the experiences of their speakers change.
1．The author thinks that the first most important cause that brings about the change of languages owes to
A. the development of human civilization B. the movement of our ancestors （祖先）
C. the influence of interaction with foreign cultures D. the rapid progress made by science and technology
2．Which of the following statement is true according to this passage?
A. The war and the effect caused by the war has a great effect on the change of languages. B. Most people enjoy the change of languages
C. Mankind is always ready to change the language they communicate with one another. D. Most language have remained unchanged since early times.
3．What is the main cause that brings about changes of languages in the present world? A. Military conquest B. People's continuous movement
C. Progress and development in science and technology D. Borrowing foreign languages among different nations 4． This passage suggests that ______.
A. our ancestor enjoyed living in the same place
B. some different languages now used to be the same in very early times C. different nations have lived together harmoniously since the early times
D. people do not welcome the development or progress in science and technology 第二课
一、 技巧解疑
细节理解题是最让人捉摸不定，变化万千的题型了。因为针对不同的文章，不同的细枝末节，可以有不同的设问，这就让人觉得它是那么不可捉摸，犹如雾里看花，水中望月。其实，这种题型是阅读考项中最简单的了。我们只要记住一点：万变不离其宗。这种题型无论有什么千变万化，你只要能看懂文章和题干，答案都能在原文中找到明显的线索。下面，我们就来看看，对付这等“千变魔头”有何绝招？
我们读文章，无外乎是对两个方面的理解。一个是浅层理解，或表层理解。另一个是深层理解，或内涵理解。所谓表层理解，指要读懂文章的基本内容，包括主要事实和各个细节。主要事实指文章中对于主题主旨具有典型意义的重要事实，这是文章的基本构架。细节是构成主要事实的局部因素或充实事实的例子，数据等细枝末节。一篇文章一般都包括这些要素。所以阅读理解考核中要求寻找的主要事实和特定细节都可以在文章中找到。但是，要注意的是出题者不会很明白很直接地提问，而是很注意提问的技术性或艺术性。也就是说，他提问都是要设障碍的，要罩上一层迷雾的，使得你弄不清问题指的是哪一件事，哪一个细节，造成你寻找的困难，这就要求你仔细琢磨了。归纳起来，提问技巧一般有隐含提问法、真伪证实法、间接提问法三种。这一讲里我们先来看看前两种提问技巧。 1． 隐含提问法
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出题者使用同义词语、参照词、代词等，使考生对阅读内容和问题产生模糊感。例如： The basketball team never lacked vociferous（大叫大喊的）young supporters, but they rarely responded to this show of enthusiasm.
Question: Who seldom reacted to that enthusiastic show?
A. The young people B. The players C. Some people D. A lot of people
因为the basketball team 和 players；seldom reacted 和rarely responded是两对同义关系的词语，而“they”又与basketball team有参照关系，所以答案应该是B。 2． 真伪证实法
出题者要求考生确立文章中的事实，不让其问题直接与文章中的事实对号入座，而是提出似是而非，或完全错误的事实让考生去判断。对于这类题目，考生不要根据自己读文章的最初印象马上加以判断，而必须找到与问题相应的文章部分，找出正确肯定的事实，才可以据此判定否定的或错误的答案选择。例如：
One word that sums up（概括）our age better than any other — whether \"our age\" is \"the technological age\" of western countries or the \"modernizing age\" of China — is the word CHANGE. But has change not always been present? True, but never before at such a breakneck speed. Today it is more than just change. It is unprecedented change. In such a world, reading provides the best tool we have for keeping up and for avoiding future shock in a world continually being remade. Question: Which of the following is not true?
A. Western countries and China are being remade. B. Reading will help understand our age.
C. The present age and future world are continually changing.
D. Reading is the best tool provided by our age.
选择题中，A、B、C项均与文意吻合一致。D项是一个似是而非的选择答案。文中的Reading provides the best tool for us（阅读对我们来说，是最好的工具。）和选项中D. Reading is the best tool provided by our age.（阅读是我们时代提供的最好工具。）意思不符。所以，答案是D。 好啦，你想小试一把吗？那就点next吧。 二、基本训练
Dear Abby,
This is my first letter to you, although I have been reading your column for many years. I need an outside opinion.
I am a grandmother in my 70s and have just returned from visiting my daughter, her husband and their three dearly loved children --- all under the age of 5 --- and I'm upset with some of their parenting ways. For example: They lock the doors to their children's bedrooms at night because \"the children might get out of their beds and wander around the house, and we may not hear them.\" If one child should get punishment, all three are punished, and if one child says a naughty word, all three are given hot sauce（辣酱汁）in the mouth. I know these parents love their children very much, but are these ways of disciplining them wise? Please understand, it is not my aim to interfere（干涉）. Dear Gram,
Children's bedroom doors should not be locked. Should a flash fire break out, it would be a nightmare. Punishing all the children when only one has earned the punishment is a good way to
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make them grow up to hate each other. Children who use \"naughty words\" should not be punished with hot sauce in mouth--- they should be taught the proper and acceptable word to use instead of the \"naughty words\".
1． Gram's daughter ______.
A. is very strict with her children B. does not love her three children C. always punishes her children at night D. often gives her children hot sauce 2． Gram writes the letter in order to ______. A. disclose her daughter's ways as a mother B. criticize her daughter's ways as a mother
C. express her anger about her daughter's ways as a mom D. get other's opinion about her daughter's ways as a mom 3． Which of the following is not true according to the passage? A. Gram seems to care for her grand - children very much. B. Gram is against some of her daughter's ways as a mom. C. Abby is for only one of Gram's daughter's ways as a mom. D. Abby agrees with Gram about her daughter's ways as a mom.
The best way to improve your reading ability is, of course, to read. The student must make a real effort to improve his speed, and if necessary his comprehension（理解）, with each exercise. Too many students read passages passively and without judgement: they simply start at the first word and read through to the end. You should read a passage actively, selectively and purposely. You must believe that you indeed have the ability to read faster and understand more, and that you will.
Reading, like everything else in life, is best done when you're relaxed（放松. The key to improve it is concentration（集中）. You must be willing to break some old habits and form new ones. Extra body movement, such as turning the head from side to side, pointing at the line with a finger or pencil, or moving the lips, should be stopped immediately. Reading is mostly a mental process（过程）and body movement helps neither speed nor comprehension. Then you should see words as part of a whole sentence or paragraph, not just in isolation. This is why a slow, word-by-word student often understand far less, or miss much of the joy and excitement of reading. 4．Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. When reading, you should pay attention to the basic unit of meaning, that is, a phrase or sentence that contains an idea.
B. When reading, you'd better point at the line with a pencil. C. Body movement will help you to improve reading.
D. When reading, you should turn your head from side to side. 5．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
A. You can do best work when you're relaxed.
B. Reading skills must be practiced not only within the classroom but also at home. C. It doesn't matter moving your lips when you read. D. Reading attentively can improve your reading ability.
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三、高考实战
Tokyo: Three snakes, whose poison could kill a person in ten minutes, are guarding a blue star sapphire (蓝宝石) worth nearly six hundred thousand dollars at a Japanese exhibition of jewels sent from an Indian museum.
\"Normally it would be forbidden to let these poisonous snakes guard exhibition objects, but it's different this time because the jewels are being exhibited at a hotel,\" a police official said.
Exhibition officials said that a person bitten(咬)by one of these snakes would need at least 80 ml of an anti-poison medicine to be saved. Medicine was being kept ready at a nearby hospital. Star sapphires and other valuable jewels worth a total of one million dollars are on show
behind glass. Hundreds of visitors came to see the special blue star sapphire and were surprised when they saw the sixty-centimetre long brown guards.
61.Using snakes at exhibitions of valuable objects is . A. quite normal B. never allowed C. often necessary 62.The jewels were being shown in . A. an Indian hotel
B. an Indian museum
C. a Japanese hotel D. a Japanese museum 63.Why were the snakes and jewels at the same exhibition? A. They were both special things from India. B. The snakes were there to keep the jewels safe. C. The organizers wanted to do something unusual. D. People liked to visit an exhibition guarded by snakes. 64.Many visitors came to the exhibition because . A. the snakes were on show
B. so many jewels were being exhibited C. exhibition officials said it was special D. they were interested in seeing a famous jewel
Do you always understand the directions on a bottle of medicine? Do you know what is meant by \"Take only as directed\"? Read the following directions and see if you understand them. \"To reduce pain, take two tablets(药片)with water, followed by one tablet every eight hours, as required. For night-time and early morning relief(缓解疼痛)take two tablets at bedtime. Do not take more than six tablets in twenty-four hours.
For children six to twelve years old, give half the amount(量). For children under six years old ,ask for your doctor's advice.
Reduce the amount if you suffer from restlessness or sleeplessness after taking the medicine\". 65.How many tablets at most can a person over 12 have in 24 hours? A. Three. B. Four
D. usually forbidden
C. Six D. Eight
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66.How many tablets should a nine-year-old child normally take in 24 hours? A. Half a tablet. B. One tablet. C. Two tablets.
D. Four tablets.
67.What is the advice for one who cannot sleep well after taking the medicine? A. Stop taking the medicine at bedtime. B. Continue to take the normal amount. C. Take more than the normal amount. D. Take less than the normal amount. 68.It can be inferred from the directions that this medicine.
A. helps you to fall asleep quickly B. may be dangerous to small children C. cannot be taken if one feels sleepy D. should not be taken by children under six 69.This text is most probably taken from a . A. textbook
B. newsreel C. doctor's notebook
D. bottle of medicine
I had just gone to bed after a very hard day when the phone rang. It was an eccentric(怪僻的) farmer. I had never met him before although I had often heard people talk about him. He sounded quite nervous and he had been talking for a minute or so before I understood anything. Even then all I could make out was that someone called Milly had had a very bad accident. I hadn't the slightest idea who she was but I obviously had to go .
It had been snowing heavily that day and I didn't know the way. I had been driving for at least an hour when I finally found his place. He was standing there, waiting for me. It seemed Milly had died. \"She meant more to me than anyone…even my own wife!\" he said. I could see that he had been crying. I thought something terrible had taken place, a possible scandal(丑闻). I was even more shocked when he told me he had put her in the barn(厩).\"I wouldn't leave her out in the cold!\" he said. Milly had clearly been a secret lover of his. I was about to tell him he could not expect me to cover anything up when he opened the barn door .He lifted his candle and I saw a dark figure on the ground.\" She was such a good cow! I wouldn't let anyone but a doctor touch her!\" he said, and burst into tears again.
70.The underlined phrase make out in the first paragraph means . A. expect B. understand C. see clearly D. hear clearly
71.Before he arrived at the farmer's house, the writer expected to see Milly lying . A. on the ground of a barn B. on the floor of a room. C. in bed in a room D. in bed in a barn 72.What do we know about Milly from he story?
A. She had met with an accident. B. She had caused a scandal C. She was seriously ill. D. She was hidden somewhere. 73.The farmer wished that the writer might .
A. look into the matter B. bring Milly back to life C. free him from a scandal D .keep the whole thing a secret
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74.The person who told the story is probably a . A. farmer
B. policeman C. country doctor
D. newspaper reporter
There are different ways in which people try to deal with the problem of energy. One way is the greater production of common energy sources(能源), such as coal, oil and gas. The trouble with these sources, however, is that they are not renewable.
Another way is energy conservation(节能), which means using energy more efficiently(有效地). In some very cold countries people build special houses to save energy. They place materials between the inside and the outside of the walls of the house to keep the cold out and the warmth in. The house is heated by the lights, the body heat of the people and the other equipment in it.
Finally, renewable energy sources are used even though they are often expensive to develop. One form of these is geothermal energy. In certain parts of the world the temperature of the earth increases thirty degrees centigrade with each kilometre down. At six kilometres, therefore, it rises to nearly two hundred degrees. To get the heat, water is pumped(压;抽)down into the rocks and back up to the surface. Heat from the earth is already used in certain countries.
75.How many ways of dealing with the energy problem are discussed in the text? A. Two
B. Three
C. Four D. Five.
76.From the text we learn that coal .
A. is quite easy to produce B. is not used most efficiently
C. is the most common source of energy D. could be renewed only by new technology 77.The writer tells about the \"special houses\" because they A. show the excellent skills of the builders B. serve as an example of energy conservation C. are heated by different sources of energy D. are warmer than other types of houses
78.The underlined words geothermal energy in the third paragraph mean . A. renewable source B. underground source C. heat inside the earth D. temperature of the earth
79.Which of the following drawings shows the right way to get geothermal energy?
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80.At a place where the surface temperature is 15℃, how deep do you have to dig so as to get a temperature of 75℃? A. One km.
四、能力提高
Ben Jonson is one of the few men ever to be buried standing up. As the story goes, King Charles I once made him a promise. The king told the great writer that he would be buried in England's famous Westminster Abbey（威斯敏斯特教堂）. But that wasn't all. Jonson could choose any place he liked for his grave（坟墓）.
Jonson died in 1637. Then it was found that the spot he had picked was already filled. The ground space left in it was just eighteen inches square. But Charles kept his word. He had Jonson's coffin（棺材）placed on its end in the small space. That way it would just fit. 1．Which of the following is not true?
A. Jonson wanted to be buried in the Abbey. B. Jonson wanted to be buried standing up. C. Jonson got Charles's promise. D. Jonson picked a place in the Abbey. 2．Why was Jonson's coffin placed on its end? Because it ______.
A. would take less room B. would look longer C. was Jonson's wish D. was Charles's wish 3．The story shows that Charles ______.
A. liked someone to be buried standing up B. liked every writer C. tried to learn from Jonson D. tried to keep promise 4．This passage doesn't tell us ______.
A. what kind of work Jonson did B. where Jonson was buried
Jack London was a famous American writer. He was born on January 12, 1876, in San Francisco, California. His family was very poor, and Jack had to leave school to make money. He worked hard in many different jobs.
Later, Jack returned to school, but he did not stay. He wrote, \"Life and pocketbook were both too short.\" In 1879, he went to Alaska to find gold. Instead, he found ideas for his books and stories. He returned home and started to write. His writings were successful, and he became rich and famous in his twenties.
Jack London was not a happy man, however. In poor health, he took his own life in 1916. He was only 40 years old then.
5． As a child, Jack left school because _______.
A. he didn't like books B. he wanted to find gold C. he liked to be free D. he had to make a living
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B. Two km. C. Three km. D. Four km.
C. how Jonson's grave was marked D. where the story happened
6． He went to Alaska because ______.
A. it was a beautiful place B. gold was found there C. his parents lived there D. he wanted to write books there 7． What did he find in Alaska?
A. Gold and money. B. Books and stories. C. Ideas for writing. D. Ideas for selling books. 8． Which of the following statements is true?
A. Jack killed himself because of poor health and unhappiness. B. Jack left school because the books there were too short. C. Jack was a successful writer and he lived happily. D. Jack died of illness in Alaska. 第三课 一、技巧解疑
这一讲里，我们来见识见识第三种迂回提问法。(间接提问法)
这又是一种设障提问技巧。问题不直接提出，而是绕着弯子提出。比如，涉及时间、距离及数据等时，你必须经过复杂的测算才能确定答案，有时，选择答案给你的数据与文章中的数据不符，只是一个近似数值，（其它选择答案完全不沾边，完全错误），或者，提问者只给你一部分事实，让读者续出相应的事实使某事实更完整正确（这又叫做省略提问法）。 例如： 1999年第60，61题
Want to save money when travelling by train? Here are some ways.
Day Returns This ticket can save you up to 45% on the standard fare (车费). You have to travel after the rush hour period Mon.- Fri., but can travel at any time on Sat. or Sun
Big City Savers These are special low-priced tickets on certain trains. You have to book in advance-at the latest by 16:00 the day before you travel. It's first come, first served.
Weekend Returns Weekend Returns are available (有售) for most journeys over 60 miles. Go on Fri., Sat. or Sun., and return the same weekend on Sat. or Sun., and save up to 35% on the standard fare.
Monthly Returns These are available for most journeys over 65 miles. Go any day and return within a month. Monthly returns save you up to 25% on the standard fare.
Family Railcard For ￡20 this railcard allows you to take a second adult (成人) and up to 4 children for only ￡3 each when you buy single or return tickets. You can travel as often as you like until the card becomes out of date.
60.Which is the best ticket to buy if you live in London and want to go to a small town 80 miles away for four days?
A. Big City Savers B. Monthly Returns C. Weekend Returns D. Day Returns
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61.A man bought himself a ticket of ￡15 and three tickets for his family with a family railcard. How much did he pay?
A. ￡44 B. ￡29 C. ￡24 D. ￡15
61解析：要去一个远在80里以外的小镇游玩四天，选项A和D就可排除了。而选项C，我们可从对 Weekend Returns的介绍“Weekend Returns are available for most journeys over 60 miles. Go on Fri., Sat. or Sun., and return the same weekend on Sat. or Sun.”中了解到：虽然其旅程距离超过60里，但必须在同一周末返回。所以，要游玩4天，最好的选择当然是B了。 62解析：这里题干的意思是“有一个人用family railcard为他自己买了张15英镑的票，并且为他家人买了三张票。问题是：他须付多少钱？”从文章可知“使用family railcard，可以带一个成年人和四个小孩而每个人只需花三英镑（就可买到票）。”所以答案是：15+9=24。 二、基本训练
In 1920, after some thirty-nine years of problems with disease, high costs and politics, the Panama Canal was officially opened, finally linking the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans by allowing ships to pass through the fifty-mile canal area instead of travelling some seven thousand miles around Cape Horn. It takes a ship about eight hours to complete the trip through the canal and costs an average of fifteen thousand dollars, one-tenth of what it would cost an average ship to round the Horn. More than fifteen thousand ships pass through its locks（有船闸的河道） each year.
It was the French who started digging the canal but they sold their rights to the United States of America, which will control it until the end of the 20th century when the Panama government takes over its duties.
1. Before the cutting of the Panama Canal, a ship would travel _____ miles to round to Horn, and it would cost _____ dollars when it had to travel around Cape Horn. A. fifty; fifteen thousand
B. seven thousand; about one hundred and fifty thousand C. fifteen thousand; seven thousand D. seven thousand; about fifteen thousand
2. The cutting of the Panama Canal took about _____ and it caused ______. A. forty years; different troubles B. thirty years; problems of disease C. quite a long time; a great many problems D. a few years; troubles with politics and high costs
3．______ controls the Panama Canal at present and in _____ a different government will take control of the Panama Canal.
A. France; 2,100 B. Panama; 2,100 C. United States; 2,001 D. United States; 2,000
4．In what year was the construction probably started on the canal?
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A. 1840 B. 1920 C. 1868 D. 1881 5．This passage suggests that _____. A. it was an unworthy construction
B. in spite of various problems, the cutting of the canal is beneficial
C. Many captains prefer to sail around Cape Horn because it is less expensive and saves much time
D. Considering all the problems, three governments have had to control the canal over the years 三、高考实战（95年高考阅读试题）
Fat on human beings is distributed(分布)in different ways. Some fat people have a large stomach and no waistline—which makes them look round, rather like apples. Others are fatter below the waist, which makes them appear pear-shaped(梨形的).
There are two types of fat: external fat (fat under the skin)and internal fat (fat inside the body wall). Doctors, who have been examining the relationship between health and fatness, have found that the `pears' have less internal fat, but the `apples' have more internal fat than external fat. This seems to be what causes the health problems.
The best treatment for fatness is to reduce the internal fat. But unfortunately it seems that
dieting(节食)simply makes an apple-shaped person into a smaller apple and a pear-shaped person into a smaller pear. At the moment there is no known way of reducing the internal rather than external fat. 61.The text is mainly about .
A. fatness and health B. ways to lose weigh C. people's figures 62.Which of the following people is most likely to have health problems?
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D. distribution of fat
63.When a pear-shaped person becomes thinner, he/she loses more . A. internal fat than external fat B. external fat than internal fat C. fat above the waist D. fat below the waist
Frank Smithson woke up and leaned over to turn off the alarm clock. \"Oh no!\" he thought to himself. \"Another day at that office; a boss who shouts at me all the time.\"
As Frank went downstairs his eyes fell on a large brown envelope by the door. He was overjoyed when he opened it and read the letter inside. \"Bigwoods Football Pools(足球赌博公司)would like to congratulate you. You have won half a million pounds.\"
Frank suddenly came to life. The cigarette(香烟)fell from his lips as he let out a shout that could be heard halfway down the street.
At 11:30 Frank arrived at work. \"Please explain why you're so late,\" his boss said. \"Go and jump in the lake,\" replied Frank. \"I've just come into a little money so this is good-bye. Find yourself someone else to shout at.\"
That evening Frank was smoking a very expensive Havana cigar(雪茄) when a knock was heard on the door. He rushed to the door. Outside were two men, neatly dressed in grey suits. \"Mr Smithson,\" one of them said, \"we're from Bigwoods Pools. I'm afraid there's been a terrible mistake…\" 64.What do we know about Frank?
A. He was a lazy man. B. He was a lucky person.
C. He didn't make a lot of money. D. He didn't get on well with his boss. 65.When he heard the knock at the door, Frank probably thought . A. someone had come to make an apology B. someone had come to give him the money C. his friends had come to ask about the football pools D. his friends had come to congratulate him on his luck
66.On hearing \"…there's been a terrible mistake…\" Frank was most likely to be . A. disappointed B. worried C. nervous
D. curious
The idea of fighting a noise by making more noise sounds strange , but that's exactly what motor engineers are doing in Germany and some other countries.
Carmakers' research and development laboratories have already proved that mixing in more noise with the help of loudspeakers can reduce the unwanted noise.
Physicists have known about the technique for a long time. Sound is made up of pressure waves in the air. If two sound waves of the same frequency(频率)mix so that the highest point of one wave happens at the same time with the lowest point of the other wave, the result is no sound. Therefore, by
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producing a perfect copy of the noise and delaying it by half a wave cycle(周期), we can kill the unwanted noise. Using this technique many carmakers are racing to develop noise-killing systems both inside and outside the cars.
Another good thing about the use of noise-killing systems is that it saves the need for a silencer, which not only reduces the weight of a car, but also makes the motor burn less oil and work better. Some engineers believe that the noise-killing system will be used in most cars in 1996. But the carmakers haven't decided if they will put it into production because it would add several hundred dollars to the cost of their cars.
67.Which of the following gives a general idea of how the noise-killing system works? A. By producing pressure waves going in the opposite direction.
B. By mixing high frequency sound waves with low frequency sound waves. C. By making copies of the unwanted sound waves and letting them out a little later. D. By mixing new sound waves with the noise and sending them out together. 68.Besides its main function(功能)the noise-killing system can . A. make a car lighter B. make a car quieter
C. reduce the cost of a silencer D. improve the performance of a silencer 69.The noise-killing system is not yet popular mainly because .
A. it increases the cost of car production B. carmakers are not sure if it is necessary C. it is still being tried out D. people still have their doubts
The Great Fire of London started in the very early hours of 2 September 1666. In four days it destroyed more than three-quarters of the old city, where most of the houses were wooden and close together. One hundred thousand people became homeless, but only a few lost their lives.
The fire started on Sunday morning in the house of the King's baker(面包师)in Pudding Lane. The baker, with his wife and family, was able to get out through a window in the roof. A strong wind blew the fire from the bakery(面包房)into a small hotel next door. Then it spread quickly into Thames Street. That was the beginning.
By eight o'clock three hundred houses were on fire. On Monday nearly a kilometer of the city was burning along the River Thames. Tuesday was the worst day. The fire destroyed many well-known buildings, old St Paul's and the Guildhall among them.
Samuel Pepys, the famous writer, wrote about the fire. People threw their things into the river.
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Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment. Birds fell out of the air because of the heat.
The fire stopped only when the King finally ordered people to destroy hundreds of buildings in the path of the fire. With nothing left to burn, the fire became weak and finally died out.
After the fire, Christopher Wren, the architect(建筑师), wanted a city with wider streets and fine new houses of stone. In fact, the streets are still narrow; but he did build more than fifty churches, among them new St Paul's.
The fire caused great pain and loss, but after it London was a better place: a city for the future and not just of the past.
70.The fire began in . A. a hotel B. the palace C. Pudding Lane D. Thames Street 71.The underlined word \"family\" in the second paragraph means . A. home B. children C. wife and husband D. wife and children 72.It seems that the writer of the text was most sorry for the fact that .
A. some people lost their lives B. the birds in the sky were killed by the fire C. many famous buildings were destroyed D. the King's bakery was burned down 73.Why did the writer cite(引用) Samuel Pepys?
A. Because Pepys was among those putting out the fire. B. Because Pepys also wrote about the fire. C. To show that poor people suffered most. D. To give the reader a clearer picture of the fire. 74.How was the fire put out according to the text? A. The king and his soldiers came to help.
B. All the wooden houses in the city were destroyed. C. People managed to get enough water from the river.
D. Houses standing in the direction of the fire were pulled down. 75.Which of the following were reasons for the rapid spread of the big fire?
(a) There was a strong wind.
(b)The streets were very narrow. (c) Many houses were made of wood. (d)There was not enough water in the city. (e)People did not discover the fire earlier. A.(a)and(b)
B.(a),(b)and(c)
C.(a),(b),(c)and(d) D.(a),(b),(c)(d)and(e)
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During the summer holidays there will be a revised(修改过的)schedule(时刻表) of services for the students. Changes for dining-room and library service hours and for bus schedules will be posted on the wall outside of the dining-hall. Weekly film and concert schedules, which are being arranged(安排), will be posted each Wednesday outside of the student club.
In the summer holidays, buses going to the town center will leave the main hall every hour on the half hour during the day. The dining-room will serve three meals a day from 7:00 am to 7:00 p.m. during the week and two meals from noon to 7:00 p.m. on weekends. The library will continue its usual hours during the week, but have shorter hours on Saturdays and Sundays. The weekend hours are from noon to 5:00 p.m.
All students who want to use the library borrowing services must have a new summer card. This announcement will also appear in the next week's student newspaper. 76.The main purpose of this announcement is to . A. tell students of important schedule changes B. tell students of new bus and library services C. show the excellent services for students D. ask students to renew their library cards
77.At which of the following times will the bus leave the main hall?
A. 8:00, 9:00, 10:00, 11:00 B. 8:00, 9:30, 10:30, 11:30 C. 8:30, 9:00, 9:30, 10:00 D. 8:00, 9:30, 11:00, 12:30 78.Times for films and concerts are not listed in this announcement because . A. they are not to be announced B. they are hard to arrange C. the full list is not ready D. the full list is too long 79.In the summer holidays, the library will have .
A. no special hours B. special hours on weekdays
C. special hours on weekends D. special hours both on weekdays and weekends. 80.We may infer that during the summer holidays .
A. the student newspaper will sell more copies B. there will be a concert or a film once a week C. many students will stay in the university D. no breakfast will be served on weekends
四、能力测试
Mr. Brown was at the theatre. He had got his ticket at the last moment, so he had not been able to choose his seat. He now found that he was in the middle of a group of American ladies, some of them middle-aged and some quite old. They obviously all knew each other well, as before the curtain went up on the play they had come to see, they all talked and joked a lot together.
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The lady sitting on Mr. Brown's left, who was about sixty years old, seemed to be the happiest and the most interesting of the American group, and after the first act of the play, she apologized to him for the noisiness（喧闹声）of her friends. He answered that he was very glad to see American ladies so obviously enjoying their visit to England, and so they had a friendly talk. Mr. Brown's neighbor explained what they were doing there.
\"You know, I have known these ladies all my life,\" she said. \"We all grew up together back in our hometown in the United States. They have all lost their husbands, and call themselves the Merry Widows（寡妇）. It is a sort of club, you know. They go to a foreign country every summer for a month or two and have a lot of fun. They always go everywhere together. I have wanted to join their club for a long time, but I was not able to become a member until the spring of this year.\"
1． Mr. Brown did not get his ticket until ______.
A. the play almost started B. he had chosen his seat C. after the curtain went up D. there was only one ticket left 2． The group of American ladies enjoyed the play in a theatre in ______.
A. America B. Britain C. their club D. their hometown 3． Mr. Brown's neighbour at the theatre _______.
A. did not know these ladies until recently B. only knew some of them all her life C. had known them since she joined the club D. had known these ladies for a long time 4． The lady sitting on Mr. Brown's left finally succeeded in joining the club in the spring of this year when _____.
A. her husband died B. the ladies in the club began to like her C. she got married D. she pretended to be merry
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第一课
二、ACBC
三、61、DBBAD，DCBBC 71、AACDD，DACBA 四、BACB 第二课
二、ADCAC
三、61、DCBDC，CDBAB 71、CABCB，BBCAB 四、BADC，DBCA 第三课 二、BADDB
三、61、ACBDB，ACAAC 四、ADDA
71、BCDDB，ABCCD 21
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