CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The MC3371 and MC3372 are low power narrowband FMreceivers with an operating frequency of up to 60 MHz. Its lowvoltage design provides low power drain, excellentsensitivity, and good image rejection in narrowband voiceand data link applications.
This part combines a mixer, an IF (intermediate frequency)limiter with a logarithmic response signal strength indicator, aquadrature detector, an active filter and a squelch triggercircuit. In a typical application, the mixer amplifier converts anRF input signal to a 455 kHz IF signal. Passing through anexternal bandpass filter, the IF signal is fed into a limitingamplifier and detection circuit where the audio signal isrecovered. A conventional quadrature detector is used.
The absence of an input signal is indicated by thepresence of noise above the desired audio frequencies. This“noise band” is monitored by an active filter and a detector. Asquelch switch is used to mute the audio when noise or atone is present. The input signal level is monitored by a meterdrive circuit which detects the amount of IF signal in thelimiting amplifier.
amplifier has approximately 92 dB of gain. The MC3371 andMC3372 are different in the limiter and quadrature detectorcircuits. The MC3371 has a 1.8 kΩ and a 51 kΩ resistorproviding internal dc biasing and the output of the limiter isinternally connected, both directly and through a 10 pFcapacitor to the quadrature detector; whereas, in theMC3372 these components are not provided internally. Thus,in the MC3371, no external components are necessary tomatch the 455 kHz ceramic filter, while in the MC3372,external 1.8 kΩ and 51 kΩ biasing resistors are neededbetween Pins 5 and 7, respectively (see Figures 12 and 13).In the MC3371, a parallel LCR quadrature tank circuit isconnected externally from Pin 8 to VCC (similar to theMC3361). In the MC3372, a quadrature capacitor is neededexternally from Pin 7 to Pin 8 and a parallel LC or a ceramicdiscriminator with a damping resistor is also needed fromPin 8 to VCC (similar to the MC3357). The above externalquadrature circuitry provides 90° phase shift at the IF centerfrequency and enables recovered audio.
The damping resistor determines the peak separation ofthe detector and is somewhat critical. As the resistor isdecreased, the separation and the bandwidth is increasedbut the recovered audio is decreased. Receiver sensitivity isdependent on the value of this resistor and the bandwidth ofthe 455 kHz ceramic filter.
On the chip the composite recovered audio, consisting ofcarrier component and modulating signal, is passed througha low pass filter amplifier to reduce the carrier componentand then is fed to Pin 9 which has an output impedance of450 Ω. The signal still requires further filtering to eliminatethe carrier component, deemphasis, volume control, andfurther amplification before driving a loudspeaker. Therelative level of the composite recovered audio signal at Pin 9should be considered for proper interaction with an audiopost amplifier and a given load element. The MC13060 isrecommended as a low power audio amplifier.
The meter output indicates the strength of the IF level andthe output current is proportional to the logarithm of the IFinput signal amplitude. A maximum source current of 60 µA isavailable and can be used to drive a meter and to detect acarrier presence. This is referred to as a Received StrengthSignal Indicator (RSSI). The output at Pin 13 provides acurrent source. Thus, a resistor to ground yields a voltageproportional to the input carrier signal level. The value of thisresistor is estimated by (VCC(Vdc) – 1.0 V)/60 µA; so forVCC= 4.0 Vdc, the resistor is approximately 50 kΩ andprovides a maximum voltage swing of about 3.0 V.
A simple inverting op amp has an output at Pin 11 and theinverting input at Pin 10. The noninverting input is connectedto 2.5 V. The op amp may be used as a noise triggeredsquelch or as an active noise filter. The bandpass filter isdesigned with external impedance elements to discriminatebetween frequencies. With an external AM detector, thefiltered audio signal is checked for a tone signal or for thepresence of noise above the normal audio band. Thisinformation is applied to Pin 12.
LIFETIME BUYAPPLICATIONS INFORMATION
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
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LAST ORDER 19/12/99The oscillator is an internally biased Colpitts type with thecollector, base, and emitter connections at Pins 4, 1 and 2respectively. This oscillator can be run under crystal control.For fundamental mode crystals use crystal characterizedparallel resonant for 32 pF load. For higher frequencies, use3rd overtone series mode type crystals. The coil (L2) andresistor RD (R13) are needed to ensure proper and stableoperation at the LO frequency (see Figure 13, 45 MHzapplication circuit).
The mixer is doubly balanced to reduce spurious radiation.Conversion gain stated in the AC Electrical Characteristicstable is typically 20 dB. This power gain measurement wasmade under stable conditions using a 50 Ω source at theinput and an external load provided by a 455 kHz ceramicfilter at the mixer output which is connected to the VCC (Pin 4)and IF input (Pin 5). The filter impedance closely matches the1.8 kΩ internal load resistance at Pin 3 (mixer output). Sincethe input impedance at Pin 16 is strongly influenced by a3.3 kΩ internal biasing resistor and has a low capacitance,the useful gain is actually much higher than shown by thestandard power gain measurement. The Smith Chart plot inFigure 17 shows the measured mixer input impedanceversus input frequency with the mixer input matched to a50Ω source impedance at the given frequencies. In order toassure stable operation under matched conditions, it isnecessary to provide a shunt resistor to ground. Figures 11,12 and 13 show the input networks used to derive the mixerinput impedance data.
Following the mixer, a ceramic bandpass filter isrecommended for IF filtering (i.e. 455 kHz types having abandwidth of ±2.0 kHz to ±15 kHz with an input and outputimpedance from 1.5 kΩ to 2.0 kΩ). The 6 stage limiting IF
LAST SHIP 18/06/00MC3371 MC3372An external positive bias to Pin 12 sets up the squelchtrigger circuit such that the audio mute (Pin 14) is open orconnected to ground. If Pin 12 is pulled down to 0.9 V orbelow by the noise or tone detector, Pin 14 is internallyshorted to ground. There is about 57 mV of hyteresis atPin 12 to prevent jitter. Audio muting is accomplished byconnecting Pin 14 to the appropriate point in the audio pathbetween Pin 9 and an audio amplifier. The voltage at Pin 14should not be lower than –0.7 V; this can be assured byconnecting Pin 14 to the point that has no dc component.Another possible application of the squelch switch maybe as a carrier level triggered squelch circuit, similar to theMC3362/MC3363 FM receivers. In this case the meteroutput can be used directly to trigger the squelch switchwhen the RF input at the input frequency falls below thedesired level. The level at which this occurs is determinedby the resistor placed between the meter drive output(Pin 13) and ground (Pin 15).Figure 11. Typical Application for MC3371 at 10.7 MHzVCC = 4.0 VdcRSSI OutputR210 kR3100 kC24.7µF+R41.0 k1N5817R54.7 kR6C30.1C40.001C50.001R9510 k560R74.7 kR83.3 kC70.022VR210 kC80.22AF Outto AudioPower AmpVR1 (Squelch Control)10 kLIFETIME BUY+C9101st IF 10.7 MHzfrom InputFront EndC15918.2 µHL2R11560L1TKANS9443HM6.8 µH ±6%R151 kC170.1D1161514131211Squelch Triggerwith HysteresisMixerOscillator12C1010.245MHz68C11220muRataCFU455D2orequivalentC120.1Filter–Amp+LimiterAmp451.8 k6109AFAmpDemodulator1053 k8T2: Toko2A6597 HK (10 mm)or7MC–8128Z (7 mm)51 k73C130.1R1039 kC140.1 12MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATALAST ORDER 19/12/99C10.01LAST SHIP 18/06/00MC3371 MC3372Figure 12. Typical Application for MC3372 at 10.7 MHzVCC = 4.0 VdcRSSI Output+C9101st IF 10.7 MHzfrom InputFront EndC24.7µFL1TKANS9443HM6.8 µH ±6%R151 kC60.1+R41.0 k1N5817R54.7 kR6C30.1C40.001C50.001R9161514131211510 k10–FilterAmp+9AFAmpVR210 k560R74.7 kR83.3 kC70.022C80.22AF Outto AudioPower AmpVR1 (Squelch Control)10 kC16918.2 µHL2R13560D1LIFETIME BUYC10.01Squelch Triggerwith HysteresisMixerOscillator12C1010.245MHz68C2220muRataCFU455D2orequivalentDemodulatorLimiter Amp45R101.8kC120.167C130.1R1151 k1053 kC1427pR124.3 kC150.1muRataCDB455C16MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 13LAST ORDER 19/12/9938LAST SHIP 18/06/00R210 kMC3371 MC3372Figure 13. Typical Application for MC3372 at 45 MHzVCC = 4.0 VdcRSSI Outputto Meter (Triplett – 100 kV)R212 kR3100 kC24.7L10.245 µHCoilcraft150–07J08R1451 kC60.1+R41.0 k1N5817R54.7 kR6C30.1C40.001C50.001R9141312510 k11109–AFFilterAmpAmp+Demodulator10Limiter Amp53 k5R101.8 k67C130.1R1151 kC1427R124.3 kmuRataCDB455C168VR210 k560R74.7 kVR1 (Squelch Control)10 k+C910RF Input45 MHzC17120C1875D1R83.3 kC70.022C80.22AF Outto AudioPower AmpLIFETIME BUYC10.0116R147015Squelch Triggerwith HysteresisMixerOscillator12C10C160.01Coilcraft143–13J1244.545MHz30L20.84 µHR131.0 kmuRataCFU455D2orequivalentC115.034C120.1C150.1Figure 14. RSSI Output versus RF Input3.53.0RSSI OUTPUT (Vdc)RSSI OUTPUT (Vdc)2.52.01.51.00.50–120–100–80–60–40–20fRF = 10.7 MHzVCC = 4.0 VdcReference Figure 113.53.02.52.01.51.00.50–120Figure 15. RSSI Output versus RF InputfRF = 45 MHzVCC = 4.0 VdcReference Figure 13–100–80–60RF INPUT (dBm)–40–20 14MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATALAST ORDER 19/12/99LAST SHIP 18/06/00MC3371 MC3372Figure 16. S + N, N, AMR versus Input10S + NS + N, N, AMR (dB)–10–20–30–40–50–60–130–110–90–70RF INPUT (dBm)* Reference Figures 11, 12 and 13S + N 30% AMfRF = 10.7 MHzVCC = 4.0 VTA = 25°CN–50–30–10LIFETIME BUYFigure 17. Mixer Input Impedance versus Frequency+j50+j25+j100+j150+j10VCC = 4.0 VdcRF Input = –40 dBm+j250+j500010255010015025050045 MHz10.7 MHz–j500–j250–j150–j10–j25–j50–j100MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 15LAST ORDER 19/12/99LAST SHIP 18/06/000MC3371 MC3372Figure 18. MC3371 PC Board Component View with Matched Input at 10.7 MHzCOMPONENT SIDECUT.325IVCCGNDC9J3C14AF OUTT2R10J2BNCVR2R8CFUVCC455D 2C13C12+CUT.325IGNDC11C10XTAL10.245MHZJ1C16C15INPUT IF10.7 MHZMC3371LIFETIME BUYMC3371IF 10.7 MHZFRONT ENDC1C2L2BNCCR9+C8C3R75R11L1C7C4J4D1CUTMETERR6R5.325IOUTR4R1VR1C17R3R2J3VCCFigure 19. MC3371 PC Board Circuit or Solder Side as Viewed through Component SideSOLDER SIDEAbove PC Board is laid out for the circuit in Figure 11. 16MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATALAST ORDER 19/12/99LAST SHIP 18/06/00MC3371 MC3372Figure 20. MC3372P PC Board Component View with Matched Input at 10.7 MHzCUT.325VCCR11C14R12VR2R8C8C7R7C4R6VR1R2VCCGNDC9+CUT.325GNDJ3C15AF OUTCDB455C16J2R10C13C12MC3372R9C11CFU455D2C10XTAL10.245MHZJ1C17C16INPUT IF10.7 MHZBNCLIFETIME BUYMC3372IF 10.7 MHZFRONT ENDC5C1C2L2+C3D1BNCR13J4L1CUT.325METEROUTR5R3VCCR4C6R1J3Figure 21. MC3372P PC Board Circuit or Solder Side as Viewed through Component SideSOLDER SIDEAbove PC Board is laid out for the circuit in Figure 12.MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 17LAST ORDER 19/12/99LAST SHIP 18/06/00COMPONENT SIDEMC3371 MC3372OUTLINE DIMENSIONSP SUFFIXPLASTIC PACKAGECASE 648–08ISSUE R–A–169NOTES:1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSIY14.5M, 1982.2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH.3.DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHENFORMED PARALLEL.4.DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.5.ROUNDED CORNERS OPTIONAL.DIMABCDFGHJKLMSINCHESMILLIMETERSMINMAXMINMAX0.7400.77018.8019.550.2500.2706.356.850.1450.1753.694.440.0150.0210.390.530.0400.701.021.770.100 BSC2.54 BSC0.050 BSC1.27 BSC0.0080.0150.210.380.1100.1302.803.300.2950.3057.507.740 10 0 10 ____0.0200.0400.511.01B18FSCL–T–SEATINGPLANELIFETIME BUYHKGD16 PLJTAMM0.25 (0.010)MD SUFFIXPLASTIC PACKAGECASE 751B–05(SO–16)ISSUE J–A–NOTES:1.DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSIY14.5M, 1982.2.CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.3.DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDEMOLD PROTRUSION.4.MAXIMUM MOLD PROTRUSION 0.15 (0.006)PER SIDE.5.DIMENSION D DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBARPROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBARPROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.127 (0.005) TOTALIN EXCESS OF THE D DIMENSION ATMAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION.MILLIMETERSINCHESMINMAXMINMAX9.8010.000.3860.3933.804.000.1500.1571.351.750.0540.0680.350.490.0140.0190.401.250.0160.0491.27 BSC0.050 BSC0.190.250.0080.0090.100.250.0040.0090 7 0 7 ____5.806.200.2290.2440.250.500.0100.019169–B–18P8 PL0.25 (0.010)MBSGFKC–T–SEATINGPLANERX 45_MD16 PLMJ0.25 (0.010)TBSASDIMABCDFGJKMPR 18MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATALAST ORDER 19/12/99LAST SHIP 18/06/00MC3371 MC3372OUTLINE DIMENSIONSDTB SUFFIXPLASTIC PACKAGECASE 948F–01(TSSOP–16)ISSUE O16X REFK0.10 (0.004)0.15 (0.006)TUSMTUSVSKK11692XL/2J1LB–U–PIN 1IDENT.18SECTION N–NJLIFETIME BUYN0.15 (0.006)TUS0.25 (0.010)MA–V–NFDETAIL ENOTES:1DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSIY14.5M, 1982.2CONTROLLING DIMENSION: MILLIMETER.3DIMENSION A DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH.PROTRUSIONS OR GATE BURRS. MOLD FLASHOR GATE BURRS SHALL NOT EXCEED 0.15(0.006) PER SIDE.4DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE INTERLEADFLASH OR PROTRUSION. INTERLEAD FLASH ORPROTRUSION SHALL NOT EXCEED0.25 (0.010) PER SIDE.5DIMENSION K DOES NOT INCLUDE DAMBARPROTRUSION. ALLOWABLE DAMBARPROTRUSION SHALL BE 0.08 (0.003) TOTAL INEXCESS OF THE K DIMENSION AT MAXIMUMMATERIAL CONDITION.6TERMINAL NUMBERS ARE SHOWN FORREFERENCE ONLY.7DIMENSION A AND B ARE TO BE DETERMINEDAT DATUM PLANE –W–.DIMABCDFGHJJ1KK1LMMILLIMETERSMINMAX4.905.104.304.50–––1.200.050.150.500.750.65 BSC0.180.280.090.200.090.160.190.300.190.256.40 BSC0 8 __INCHESMINMAX0.1930.2000.1690.177–––0.0470.0020.0060.0200.0300.026 BSC0.0070.0110.0040.0080.0040.0060.0070.0120.0070.0100.252 BSC0 8 __0.10 (0.004)–T–SEATINGPLANEDGHDETAIL EMOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA 19LAST ORDER 19/12/99C–W–LAST SHIP 18/06/00MC3371 MC3372LIFETIME BUYMotorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regardingthe suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, andspecifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motoroladata sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals”must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights ofothers. 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Motorola, Inc. is an EqualOpportunity/Affirmative Action Employer.Mfax is a trademark of Motorola, Inc.How to reach us:USA/EUROPE/Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution;P.O. Box 5405, Denver, Colorado 80217. 303–675–2140 or 1–800–441–2447JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.: SPD, Strategic Planning Office, 4–32–1,Nishi–Gotanda, Shinagawa–ku, Tokyo 141, Japan. 81–3–5487–8488Mfax™: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com– TOUCHTONE 602–244–6609ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park,– US & Canada ONLY 1–800–774–184851 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298INTERNET: http://motorola.com/sps 20◊MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATAMC3371/DLAST ORDER 19/12/99LAST SHIP 18/06/00
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