（一） At the beginning of the twentieth century, many people thought that the American family was falling apart. A century later, we know that this was not the case. However, although the family is still alive in the United States, its size and shape were very different 100 years ago.
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, there were mainly two types of families in the United States: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family usually includes grandparents, parents, and children living under the same roof. The nuclear family consists of only parents and children.
Today there are many different kinds of families. Some people live in “traditional” families, that is, a stay-home mother, a working father, and their own biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families, single-parent families, adoptive or foster, families, blended families (where men and women who were married before marry again and combine the children from previous marriages into the new families），child less families, and so on.
What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s the birthrate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. Women were suddenly choosing to go to college and take jobs outside the home. In the 1930s and 1940s, many families faced serious financial, or money problems during the Great Depression, when many people lost their jobs. During World War II（1939-1945)，5 million women were left alone to take care of their homes and their children. Because many men were at war, thousands of these \"war widows\" had to go to work outside their home.
During the next ten years, the situation changed. There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more children than the previous generation. It was unusual for a mother to work outside the home during the years when her children were growing tip. Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs. The traditional family seemed to be returning.
In the years between 1960s and 1990s, there were many important changes in the structure of the family. From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the divorce rate doubled and the birthrate fell by half. The number of single-parent families tripled, and the number of couples living together without being married doubled again. In fact, the single-parent household, once unusual, has replaced the \"traditional\" family as the typical family in the States. If we can judge from history, however, this will probably change again in the twenty-first century.
The Changes of the American Family
Main comparisons Contexts There were two __2___ types of families in the past, ___3____, the extended and the Different___1____ nuclear. Nowadays __4___types of families can be seen than before. Changes in different ___5_____. In the 1900s and 1940s Many of the women had to work outside due to the __6___of money., thus causing the fall of __7__and the rise of divorce rate. Divorce rate slided and there were more In the 1950s children . The families tended to be ___8___ again. In the years Different types of familes__9____. between 1960s and Traditional families are no longer the 1990s typical ones in America. A trend worth noting Author’s opinion on changes The present structure is ___10____; it will experience changes again in the near future.
1. kinds/ types 2. main 3. namely 4. more 5.periods 6. lack 7. birthrate 8. fewer 9. occurred 10. temporary
（二）
The family sphere(范围) used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm（领域）of \"rational accomplishment\" and cruel competition, and the private female and child-rearing sphere of home, intuition（直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the realities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere is much more permeable(可渗透的). TV takes public events and transforms them into dramas that are played out in the privacy of our living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms.
Parents used to be the channel through which children learned about the outside world. They could decide what to tell their children and when to tell it to them. Since children learn to read in stages, books provide a kind of natural screening process, where adults can decide what to tell and not tell children of different reading abilities. Television destroyed the system that separated adult from child knowledge and separated information into year-by-year slices for children of different ages. Instead, it presents the same information directly to children of all ages, without going through adult filters.
So television presents a real challenge to adults. While a parent can read a newspaper without sharing it with children in the same room, television is accessible to everyone in that space. And unlike books, television doesn't allow us to flip（翻转）through it and see what's coming up. We may think we're giving our children a lesson in science by having them watch the Challenger take off, and then suddenly they learn about death, disaster and adult mistakes.
Books allow adults to discuss privately what to tell or not tell children. This also allows parents to keep adult material secret from children and keep their secret keeping secret. Take that
same material and put it on The Today Show and you have 800,000 children hearing the very things the adults are trying to keep from them. \"Television takes our kids across the globe before parents give them permission to cross the street.\"
More importantly, children gradually learn that adults are worried and anxious about being parents. Actually, television has also places families under a lot of stress.
How Television Changes Childhood? Main comparisons ___2___realm. Homes nowadays are __3__to the outside world. In the past, children might learn __4__about the outside world with the help of parents and Media through which children can obtain information ___5___. More information is got directly through TV and other electronic media, which breaks down the __6___ between adult world and the child world. Traditionally, kids could only knew what they should learn at their age, carefully___8___by _____7___ of the information children get their parents. Everything can possibly be known by children, including many aspects of _____ life. Effects on family education Families are now under greater stress than Parental instruction before. Adults are anxious about being parents and faced with new __10_____.
1. Homes 2. public 3.connected 4.indirectly 5.books 6.difference 7. Content 8. decided/ chosen 9.adult 10. challenges
（三）
Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people
traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Contexts Homes used to be isolated from the Distance between ___1__and the outside. Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences.
In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?
Main comparisons __1__ are changing Contexts In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first ____2____. Nowadays, people seem to be more ____3____about themselves. ___4___are changing too. People in the past appeared to be modest and self-effacing(谦让的). People may strive to achieve their own __5___ at the price of their coworkers. The author’s understanding ___6____ for the changes in author’s eyes Fierce __7___ and great __8___on modern people may be responsible for the changes. The author’s ___9____towards topic
A relationship which can ___10___ two sides should be established. 1.Values 2. place 3. concerned 4. Behaviors 5. goals 6. Reasons 7. competition 8. pressure 9. attitudes 10. benefit
（四）
Traditionally, customers may consider more about what they buy the product for. However, the image of product and the consuming circumstance have become the key points to attract customer awareness and stimulate their buying needs. Frequently, customers buy goods just because they are cute, lovely and unique. With a less emphasis on functional utilities, the experience and imaginative space are placed into an increasingly important role. The image of product is emphasized, as well as the communication between products and consumers. “Customer behavior, which appears to be focused and directed at the object and at pleasure, in fact responds to quite different objectives: displaced expression of desire, and the production of a code of social values through the use of differential signs”(Baudrillard) . The reason for image-oriented customer behavior is probably that customers’ lifestyle has been continuously virtualized by paying much attention to “Virtual Reality”. The evidences can be traced from computer games and Hollywood movies, in which customers’ preference for fleeing reality is perfectly matched.
This change requires us to take efforts to enhance product image by integrating style, color, taste, shape and material, and communicate with customers creatively, imaginatively and innovatively, and enable them to enjoy the distinctive experience image brings. “[A] need is not a need for a particular object as much as it is a ‘need’ for difference” ( Baudrillard). The typical example is Apple Computer’s IMAC, which has strong visual impact and outstanding dynamics. By this way, customer relationship can be set up through image, and brand can be treated as living that can transform people. Other examples commonly used are Disney Fairyland and Las Vegas, where new experience and imagination are fully demonstrated. In sum, consumption is negotiation, a never-ending conversation held in the languages of advertising, packaging, branding, fashion, and entertainment.
More Attention to the Image of Product
Main comparisons Different aspects ____1____about by people when they are shopping. Contexts In the past, people think more about the __2__of the goods. People today are more easily ___3____by the ___4___ of product and the buying atmosphere. Traditionally, producers may focus more on the functional utilities of goods. Different ____5__ to promote sales Nowadays, product image should be __6___and there should be more effective ___7____with customers. More details worth noticing Influenced by computer games and Hollywood movies, people’s ___9____is virtualized. Apple Computer’s IMAC/ Disney Fairyland/ Las Vegas The___8___ for image-centered behavior ___10_____are given to prove the importance of image
1.concerned/ cared 2. use/ function 3. attracted 4.image 5. ways 6. stressed 7.communication 8. reason 9. lifestyle 10. Examples
（五）
A listener has written from China for advice about how to lose weight. Michael in Shanghai says he is 26 and has battled obesity for most of his life.
Obesity , a severe weight problem, is a complex condition. A doctor may advise taking medicine along with changing one’s behaviors. Experts say that the most successful weight—loss plans include a well-balanced diet and exercise.
People who want to avoid weight gain have to balance the number of calories they eat with the number of calories they use. To lose weight, you can reduce the number of calories you take in, increase the number you use, or both.
A recent study looked at four of the most popular dieting plans in the US. Researchers at Stanford University in California studied over 300 overweight women, mostly in their thirties and forties. Each woman went on one of the four plans: Atkins, The Zone, Ornish or LEARN. The women attended diet classes and received written information about the food plans. At the end of the year, the women on the Atkins diet had lost the most, more than four and one-half kilograms on average. They also did better on tests for cholesterol levels and blood pressure.
Christopher Gardner, who led the study, says the Atkins diet may be more successful because of its simple message to eat less sugar. He also says that the advice to increase protein in the diet
leads to more satisfying meals. He says that there was not enough money to study men, but that men would probably have similar results.
Last week, another report based on thirty-one studies suggested that only a small minority of people have long-term success with dieting. Most dieters regained their lost weight within five years and often they become more overweight. But those who kept the weight off generally were the ones who exercised.
Title: 1.___________to lose weight Doctors’ advice ●:take medicine along with 2._____________ Experts’ 3._________ plans ●a well-balanced diet : 4.________less energy than needed , increase the number you use, or both. ●5._________ Four of the most popular dieting plans ●Atkins: eat less sugar than usual and 6.________ protein in the US in the diet ●The Zone ●7.________ ●LEARN. From 8.__________ ●have long-term success with dieting, otherwise most dieters will 9._____their lost weight ●exercise is more important than dieting for 10.______ Key: 1. Proper ways 2. changing one’s behaviors 3. weight-loss 4. take in 5. exercise 6. increase 7. Ornish 8. another report 9. regain 10. losing weight
（六）
We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把…按能力分班)pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it
can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade! Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect for their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
Develop the abilities of pupils: ●develop their full abilities, not their 1. ___________ ●value personal qualities ●2.__________ pupils-streamed teaching (disadvantages) ● not 4.________ the fact that children ● 6._________ pupils’ full abilities. develop at different rates ● give them the opportunity to learn to 3._____________ teaching (advantages) ● have a bad effect on both the bright cooperate, to share, and to develop 7. ________ and the not-so-bright child ● learn how to cope with 8.________ ● 5.________ the pupils who are at the ● learn how to think, to make decisions, to analyze bottom of the top grade and evaluate, and to communicate 9.__________. ● rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability ● only one aspect for pupils’ total personality
●The pupils learn from each other 10.______ from the teacher. ● They can do this at their own speed Keys: 1. academic ability 2. social skills 3. mixed-ability 4. take into account 5. discourage
6. contribute to 7. leadership skills 8. personal problems 9. effectively 10. as well as
（七）
There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a product that can easily be identified and measured．The worker who gets a rise, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts．
By contrast (对照) , the process of personal growth is much more difficult to determine, since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way．The process is not the road itself, but the attitudes, feelings people have , and their caution or courage, as they meet with new experiences and unexpected difficulties．In this process, the journey never really ends；there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept． In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to face the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at first．How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is necessary for our ability to grow．Do we see ourselves as quick and curious? If so, we tend to take more chances and be more open to unfamiliar experiences．Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and we think we are slow to adapt (适应) change or that we’re not smart enough to deal with a new challenge．Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all．
These feelings of insecurity (不安全) and self-doubt are both unavoidable and necessary if we are to change and grow．If we protect ourselves too much, then we stop growing．We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．
Title 1.________—Product or Process ●The workers4 .________ Product: ●The students improve 5._________ easily identified and 2.______ ●The foreigners learns new languages ●the attitudes, feelings people have ●6.____________ ●experience the world7._____________ ●try new ideas Process: ●3.___________ to determine ●never really ends ●accept 8.__________ ●a willingness to 9.________ ●face the unknown ●accept the possibility that they may “fail” ●tend to take more chances and be more open to 10.___________
Keys: 1. Growth 2. measured 3. much more difficult 4. get a rise 5. their grades 6. caution or courage 7. in new ways 8. new challenges 9. take risks 10. unfamiliar experiences
（八）
Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work over the last ten years. Before that time, large computers were only used by large, rich companies that could afford the investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market,
which are capable of doing the work that used to be done by much larger and expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them
The main development in small computers has been in the field of word processors (处理器) , or WPS as they are often called. 40% of British offices are now estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.
There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work, such as re-typing letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for the boss. From a manager’s point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.
But is it all good? If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units (显示器). The case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed. Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them.
Whatever the arguments for and against word processor, they are a key feature (特征) of this revolution in office practice.
small computers: ▲1._______ larger and expensive computers ▲2._________can use them ▲Small computers has been 3._________in the field of word processors , or WPS advantages ▲The secretary : ●freed from a lot of 5._________ ●do other more interesting work for the boss 4.________ ▲8. __________ will lost their jobs. ▲medical problems related to work with visual display units ▲6.___________ ●secretarial time can be made better use of ●7._______ can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.
●Many people 9_________slowly ●The unborn child in its mother’s body 10.___________ Keys: 1. replace 2. most smaller companies 3.improved 4.disadvantages 5.daily work 6. The boss/manager 7.money 8. secretaries 9. lose sight 10.might be killed
（九）
If you and your friends wish to share a secret, you can write it in code, and no one else will be able to read it. Codes are one way of writing in secrets. Ciphers(暗码) are another. In the code each word is written as a secret code or word number. In a cipher each letter is changed. Codes and ciphers have played an important role in the history of the word. Julius Caesar, the Roman ruler who defeated almost all the countries in Europe about 2000years ago, used a cipher when he sent secret messages to his troops. During American Revolution, George Washington’s spies used a kind of code to send him information about the enemy before his military（军事的） action. In World War 2,the American “broke”, or figured out, Japan’s most important navy codes and got enough information to destroy a powerful Japanese fleet（舰队）。
Storekeepers use codes to mark their goods. The codes show how much was paid for the goods or when they were added to the stock. Businessman use codes to hide plans from their business enemies. Sometimes personal letters or diaries are written in code. Many people enjoy figuring out codes and ciphers simply as a hobby.
In the 16th century, codes and ciphers were very popular among scientists. They wrote messages to each other in code so that no one else would learn their secrets. Geronimo Gardano, an Italian astrologer（星相家）,mathematician, and doctor, invented the trellis ciphers. He took two sheets of paper and cut exactly the same holes in each one. Then he sent one sheet, which he called a trellis, to a friend and kept the other for himself. Whenever he wanted to write a message, he put his trellis, over the clean sheet of paper and wrote the secret message through the holes.
Then he removed the trellis and filed the rest of the paper with words that would make sense. When his friends received it, He put his trellis over the writing and read the secret message.
Title 71. Aspects Means In wars Using codes and ciphers 72. Using codes In science circle Cutting holes in two exact pieces of paper and writing the message 73 Covering the trellis over the writing received to get 74. 75. To 76. to troops To know about business situations To make the military leaders 78. To 79. to themselves 77. of the situation of from opponents the war Results 80. enemies Achieving business goals Sharing secrets messages 71. Codes and ciphers 72.In business (world or circle) 73. through the holes 74. meaningful (useful) information/messages 75. Purposes/Aims
76. send secret messages/information 77. informed/know/learn/aware/conscious 78.To hide plans/information/messages 79.keep secrets 80. Defeating
（十）
Autumn blues? Let the sunshine in falling leaves, withering flowers, cold winds, faint sunshine. For many people late autumn can be a season of gloom and depression. Spirits can be low.
people who suffer from \"the autumn blues\" often are extremely exhausted, lack energy, need more sleep, feel increased appetite and gain weight.
\"The exact cause of this condition, often called seasonal depression or seasonal affective disorder (SAD), is not known yet,\" says Chen Jue, associate professor at Shanghai Mental Health Center. \"But recent studies indicate that weather change is influential and strongly suggest that this condition is caused by changes in the availability of sunlight.\"
One theory is that with decreased exposure to sunlight, the biological clock that regulates mood, sleep, and hormones is delayed, running more slowly in winter. Exposure to light may reset the biological clock.
Another theory is that brain chemicals that transmit information between nerves may be altered in individuals with SAD. It is believed that exposure to light can correct these imbalances.
\"It is a sad season, but you can try to make it happy. Remember, spring always lives in your heart,\" Chen says. Here are some tips to deal with autumn depression.
- Go outdoors and get some sunlight. Move around. Fresh air and exercise improve the respiratory(呼吸) system and blood circulation and regulate the nervous system. Thus, exercise is calming and relieves one's mood.
- Relax at work. Stretch, breathe deeply. Take a tea break. Think of your next vacation. - Keep a chocolate bar in your pocket. Chocolate and sugar raise the spirits. - Look at bright colors, such as red and orange. Color therapy improves mood.
- Listen to your favorite music. You can dance to it, or just lie on a cozy couch, reading a novel. - Decorate your room and work space with flowers. Blooming plants are cheering. - Call friends or family when you feel lonely or depressed. Recall some happy memories.
Autumn Blues Autumn blues is also called There are some (3) that can help to deal with autumn (1) .The real it. cause for it is still (2) to us. Exposure to sunlight can help to cure it. The first reason is that exposure to sunshine can reset the biological clock (4)___ __mood, sleep and hormones. The second is (5)_______ with the balance of nerves that transmit information. Outdoor (6)______ May reduce the tension that brings you the low spirits. You can relax yourselves while working. Food (7)_____ In calories and sugar does help too. (8)_______ Treatment also works in handling low mood. Music also (9)______ a role in treating autumn blues. Green plants are cheering. Calling your friends will (10)_______your Loneliness away. Thinking of the sweet past is regarded as a good way as well. Keys:
1.depression 2.unknown 3.ways\\methods 4.regulating 5.connected 6.activities\\sports 7.rich\\high 8.Colour 9.plays 10.drive
（十一）
Wen Jiabao arrived in Singapore yesterday for an official visit to the country. It is the first visit by a Chinese premier to Singapore in eight years. In the arrival statement, When said he is looking forward to the meeting with Singing pore on ways to deepen East Asian cooperation between two nations so as to contribute to the building of a peaceful, harmonious relationship.\"
Premier Wen Jiabao and Singapore Prime Minister Lee Hsien Loong agreed to jointly develop an environmentally friendly city in northeastern China. The city will be a model for sustainable development, a Singapore government statement said. The \"Sino-Singapore Tianjin Eco-city\" will be developed by a joint venture formed by Chinese and Singapore companies. \"This eco-city, to be built in
Tianjin, will become another highlight in our relations,\" When said after signing an agreement with Lee, who agreed, \"On the Singapore side, on all levels, we'll give this project our full support.\"
The two sides will share expertise and experiences in urban planning, environmental protection, resources conservation, recycling, use of renewable resources and wastewater re-use. China's economic planning agency issued a set of guidelines earlier this month
welcoming foreign investment in environmentally friendly areas such as recycling, \"clean\" industries and environmental protection. Bilateral relations between China and Singapore have seen big progress even though the two countries established diplomatic ties only 17 years ago, When said during his talks with Lee.
China and Singapore have also kept close contact and coordination on regional issues, he added. When said China and Singapore are both important Asian countries that share common interests in many areas.
Title: Wen’s visit to Singapore
Main points General(1)____ 0f Wen’s visit Agreements(4)_______ in the visit contexts To(2)_____ _ with Singapore To(3)________ mutual relationship. Another(5)_________ friendly city to be built in Tianjin. co-operation in city planning, environment protection, recycling and so on for(6)________ development. co-operation in(7)_______ affairs for a (8)______ Asia. Guidelines(9)________ China’s(10)___________ for clean industries and environmental by China protection. Keys:
1.aims\\purposes 2.co-operate 3.strengthen\\promote 4.reached
5.environmentally 6. sustainable 7.regional 8.peaceful 9.set 10.preference （十二） The history and legend The name of the Danish flag, the Dannefrog, meaning “the flag of the Danes: or : “the red flag”, is fist encountered in the Danish text from 1478 and in a Netherlands’ text from 100 years before that. In the Netherlands’ armorial(GELre) from 1370-1386 a red banner wit5h white cross is annexed to the coat of arms of Vladimir IV Attended. According to the legend, the Dannenberg fell from heaven from a battle in Estonia（爱沙尼亚）; this legend is mentioned in Christian Pedersen’s Danish Chronicle(编年史) from the beginning of the 1520s and by the Franciscan monk Peer Olsen c.1527. This latter relates the event to a battle in 1219. The legend Presumably（椐推测） came into being around 1500 on the basis of the idea that the royal banner which King Hans lost at his defeat in the Demarches’ in Northern Germany in1500 was the Dannenberg that had fallen from heaven. In 1559 Frederic II recaptured （夺回）the banner and had it hung in Schleswig Cathedral in present-day northern Germany. In a song from the campaign of 1500 the banner charged with the cross is associated with the Roman Emperor Constantine’s dream of the cross in 312 before the battle in which he became absolute monarch in the Roman Empire and according to tradition was converted to Christianity. This vision of the cross, to which are linked the words in hoc signor vices(“under this sign you shall be victories”) is the prototype（原型）of the miracles in the shapes of crosses in the sky, which particularly in the Iberian Peninsula（伊比利亚半岛） were connected with battles between Christians and infidels（异教徒）. The Danish flag Name Meaning Design Origin The Dannenberg The flag of the Danes or the (1) flag A red banner with a (2) cross Legend The flag fell from the(3) during a battle in Estonia; The legend came into (4) around 1500 on the (5) of the idea that the banner King lost at his (6) was the Dannenberg that had fallen from heaven. The banner charred with the cross is (7) with the Roman Song Emperor’s dream of the cross before the battle in(8) He became absolute monarch Vision 1. red 2. white 3. heaven 4. being 5. basis It is (9) to the wor5ds which indicate the victory and it is the prototype of miracles in the (10) of crosses in the sky. 6. defeat
8. which 9. linked 10. shape 7. associated
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