翻译部分

新题型翻译部分（初步）：

1.人际关系就是一种善于听取别人的意见，体察别人的需要，虚心接受批评的能力。善于处理人际关系的人敢于承认错误，敢于承担自己的责任，这是对待错误的一种成熟和负责任的态度。这就是为什么许多平平庸庸的公司雇员在大调整中保住了位置，而有才能的人反而下岗。因为他们很注意处理各方面的关系，所以八面玲珑，到处有人缘。

【译文】Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be a good listener, to be sensitive toward others’ needs, to take criticism well. People with skill in social relations admit their mistakes and take their share of blame, which is a mature and responsible way to handle an error. That’s why many mediocre employees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent are being laid off. Sensitive in their dealings with others they are well liked everywhere.

2. 今天我们很高兴英国客人到广交会来参观，首先，我代表广交会全体工作人员向朋友们表示热烈欢迎。我想向朋友们简单介绍一下广交会的情况，然后我领大家进行参观，参观完后，我们还安排一个15分钟的录像节目，向大家介绍一下我们广东省近年来的对外经贸发展情况。如果大家认为这个安排是可以的，我就先简单介绍一下广交会的情况：广交会的全称是中国出口商品交易会，从1957年开始创办，每年春秋两届。

【译文】Today, we are （very） glad that our British guests have come to visit the Canton Trade Fair. First, on behalf of all the staff of the Fair, I’d like to extend my welcome to our friends. I’d like to give a brief introduction to the Fair. Then I’ll show you around. After that, we’ll also arrange for you a 15-minute video program to introduce the development of Canton Trade Fair in the recent years. If you all agree with my suggestion, I’ll now give you a brief introduction. The full name of the Canton Trade Fair is the Chinese Export Commodities Fair. It started in 1957, and has been held twice a year, in spring and autumn respectively.

3.上海是中国重要的经济、金融、贸易、科技、信息和文化中心。作为一座历史文化名城，上海以她独特的风韵吸引了数以万计的海内外游客。上海同时也是美食家（gourmets）的乐园（paradise），尤其是上海的本邦菜（local cuisine），特别受到海外人士的青睐。上海最引人入胜的建筑物当属黄浦江畔的东方明珠塔（the Oriental Pearl Tower）。登上观光层，环顾四周，你会对上海都市美景艳羡不已。

【译文】Shanghai is China’s important center of economy, finance, trade, science and technology, information and culture. As a noted historic and cultural city, Shanghai attracts millions of tourists from home and abroad with its unique charm. Shanghai is also a cherished paradise for gourmets; its local cuisine enjoys particular popularity among overseas visitors. The most attractive work of architecture is no other than the Oriental Pearl Tower standing by the bank of the Huangpu River. Mounting the observation floor and looking around, you’ll greatly admire the beautiful metropolitan scenery.

4. 最近在高校毕业生择业问题上出现一种倾向，这就是毕业生越来越青睐在公司。很少人愿意到研究单位。在崇尚物质的社会里，这是一个不可避免的问题。学生还没有走出校门，大公司便在竞相聘用他们，向他们提供具有诱惑力的薪水和福利待遇。另一方面，由于许多大

企业，甚至包括一些政府部门往往看重接经济效益，而相对来说对长期的理论研究不感兴趣，所以科研人员不断从纯理论研究领域流向实用工业。因为在那里工作要比研究领域里好找，工资也往往高。

【译文】A recent phenomenon in the choice of careers on the part of college graduates is the increasing trend towards big companies. Few are interested in research fields. This is an unavoidable problem in a materialistic society. Before they have completed their studies, tempting salaries and fringe benefits are offered by big companies to compete with each other to recruit them. On the other hand as many big enterprises and even governments tend to concentrate on immediate economic results and show comparatively little interest in long-term research. Thus there is a steady shift of scientists and researchers from the pure research to the applied field where there are more jobs available with better salaries.

5. 我们要确保更有效地利用外资。譬如，我们要进一步扩大对外开放的领域和地域，逐步推行商业、外贸、金融、保险、证券、电信、旅游和中介服务等领域的对外开放。我们还将放宽外商投资在技术转让和一些行业持股比例的限制，积极鼓励外商投资农业、基础设施、环保产业和高新技术产业。当然，我们还要积极吸引跨国公司来华投资，特别是鼓励他们投资研究开发和参与国有企业的改组、改造。

【译文】In addition, we should ensure we use the foreign capital more effectively. For example, we should further expand the fields and regions of opening up to the outside world; gradually carry out the opening-up of commerce, foreign trade, finance, insurance, securities, telecommunications, tourism and intermediary service. We should also relax the restrictions on foreign investments in technology transfer, the proportion of the held by foreigners in some fields. We should positively encourage foreign businessmen to invest in agriculture, infrastructure, industry of environmental protection and new and hightech industry. Of course, we also should actively attract multinational corporations to invest in China, especially encourage them to invest in product research and development and take part in the reorganization and reform of state-owned enterprises.

6. 越来越多受英文教育的海外华人父母，已经认识到孩子在掌握不可或缺的英文的同时，也通晓中文的重要性。中国的崛起，让他们充分认识到孩子掌握双语的好处——既能增加他们的就业机会，也能让他们接触和熟悉东西方两种不同的文化。

这些人对中文的态度几乎没有完全改变。曾几何时，他们还非常骄傲地宣称自己只懂英文。现在，他们已开始积极支持孩子学习中文和中国文化，而且还不时走访中国，欣赏壮观的自然风光，认识丰富的文化遗产。

【译文】An increasing number of English-educated Chinese parents overseas have come to the realization that while English learning is indispensable to their children, it is essential that their kids have a good command of Chinese. China's rise has fully awakened their awareness of the fact that their kids can benefit from their bilingual ability which can not only enhance their competitiveness in the job market, but also facilitate their exposure to and familiarity with the two different cultures between the East and the West. They have hardly changed their attitudes towards Chinese. At one time they proudly declared that they knew English only. Now, they have begun to give full support to their kids learning Chinese and its culture, and they also make occasional visits to China, where they can enjoy its magnificent natural landscape and get to know its rich cultural heritage.

7. 在西方，人们经常同时有很多朋友。但是，这种友谊通常都是靠特定的环境和活动维系在—起的。当一个人的环境和活动改变时，他(或她)的朋友圈就会改变。——个人可以有工作上的朋友，休闲活动的朋友和邻里朋友。另外，两个朋友之间的经济情况往往也是接近的，这是因为在西方，友谊是以平等为基础的。

【译文】In the West people often have many friends at one time, but the friendships are usually tied to specific circumstances-or activities. When a person changes circumstances and activities, he or she changes friends. A person may have work friends, leisure-activity friends and neighborhood friends. Also two people who are friends usually have similar financial circumstances. This is because friendships in the West are based on equality.

8. 完全有可能把我们的大学生活组织得使学生和教师都参与其中，使师生之间建立起完全自然的日常交流。只有通过这样的组织，才能使大学这种严格培养人的地方真正充满朝气，成为大学生们共同生活的团体，年轻人在其中会充分认识到脑力劳动是多么有趣味：

【译文】It is perfectly possible to organize the life of our colleges in such a way that students and teachers alike will take part in it; in such a way that a perfectly natural daily communication will be established between them; and it is only by such an organization that colleges can be given real vitality as places of serious training, be made communities in which youngsters will come fully to realize how interesting intellectual work is.

9. 很久以前，人们很少使用煤作为燃料，一般是用木材，因为木材容易获得和点燃。事实上，直到1760年煤才开始得到较为广泛的利用。正是煤的燃烧推动了英国及世界的工业革命。至1900年，全世界能源大约96％来自燃烧煤。甚至今天，煤依然是主要的能源之—，在工业和社会发展中起着重要的作用。

【译文】 Long time ago, man seldom used coal as a fuel, but in general he made much use of wood because it was easy to obtain and set on fire. In fact, coal was not widely used until 1760. It was the burning of coal that pushed forward the Industrial Revolution in Britain and in the world. By 1900, some 96% of the world's energy was derived from burning coal. Up to now, coal is still one of the main energies which have been playing an important role in industry and social development.

10. 美国人使用信用卡实际上始于1949年。那一年，商人Frank在一家餐馆用餐完毕后，发现身上没带现金。Frank感到很尴尬，只好给妻子打电话，将钱送来。这件事使他产生了创办信用卡的念头。在一年之内，大约有200人率先用上了世界上第一种信用卡，持卡者可在40家餐馆用餐，而不必交现金。

【译文】Americans, in fact, started to use credit cards in 1949, when businessman Frank finished a meal in a restaurant and then discovered he had no cash. He felt very embarrassed and called his wife to come with money. This gave him an idea of creating a credit card. Within a year, some 200 people carried the world's first credit cards. The card holders could eat their meals in 40 restaurants without paying cash.

11.学生社团是大学新生沟通中学生活与大学生活的桥梁。这些社团在帮助学生强化旧知识，吸收新知识中扮演着重要的角色。除此之外，老师的经验知识，与同龄人的沟通，在困难阻碍了你的进步，犯了大错误，或者是在碰到重大的挑战时，对你克服各种学习和生活上的困难和障碍也会对你的大学生活有积极的影响！随着活动范围的扩大，你会越来越发现各个社

团的特点，并最终选择参加一两个社团。

【译文】Student communities can bridge the gap between life in middle school and that in college. These communities play an essential role in helping you reinforce your established knowledge and assimilate the new knowledge. In addition, teachers’ experience and knowledge and the communication with your peers can exert a positive influence on removing your difficulties and barriers both in life and study. This happens when your progress is hindered by the difficulties, big mistakes that are committed or critical challenges that are confronted. With the expansion of your activities, you might be able to understand the characteristics of each association. Therefore, you can choose one or two of them to participate in.

12. 在现代社会，我们必须面对这一现实，即任何人毫无例外地都得挣钱养活自己。金钱用以表明物质的价值，还有人的价值。金钱就起着充当我们互相联系的方式的作用。诚然，金钱也有它消极的一面。《圣经》说：“爱钱是一切邪恶的根源。”但它并不能阻止某些人嗜好金钱。一些人太过于相信金钱的力量，结果使自己被金钱控制了。而一些人却无法恰当处理涉及金钱的问题。

【译文】In the modern society, we have to confront the reality that it is no exception for anyone to earn money to support himself/herself. Money is intended for revealing the value of people as well as the value of objects. It is money that serves as the way we make connections. Admittedly, money also has its negative side. The Bible says that “the love of money is the root of all evil”. But it can’t keep some people from loving money. Some people believe in the power of money so much that they have themselves dominated by money. Some people are not capable of handling properly the problems concerning money.

13.据某一科学杂志宣布，白日梦有助于心理健康和帮助人们获得成功。许多人对此鼓掌喝彩并打算身体力行，并不因为这一理论有说服力，而是因为这个借口可以被利用并且有奇效。白日梦的确有可能帮助我们强化自己成功的意向，并帮助我们取得成功。但是，在我们评价一个理论时，通常无法立刻就看到它的功效。只有我们开始着手去做了，才有可能捕捉到其中的有用的暗示。

【译文】It is claimed in a certain scientific magazine that daydreaming help to maintain psychological health and to achieve success. Many people applaud and determine to act upon it, obviously not because this theory is convincing, but this is the excuse that comes their way and works amazingly. Daydreaming does help to enhance our intention of success, and helps us to achieve our success finally. However, when we are evaluating a theory, we usually can not see its effect at once. Only when we take it up, can we have a chance to capture the useful hint in it.

14. 很多中国的大学生在中学时候都是班上的优秀生，有着出色的学习成绩和宏伟的梦想。令许多老师和学生自己感到难以理解的是，相当部分的中学高材生却无法适应大学的学习生活。其中的一个理由很有可能是，大部分的中国的中学生在中学的时候只需要专注自己的学习就可以了。没有了诸多生活上的困扰，他们在中学的时候可以轻松地完成作业并取得很好的成绩。在大学，他们需要突然学会自己安排自己所有的事情。他们发现无论他们多么努力，作业总是完成得很艰难，不能给教授们留下比较突出的印象。

【译文】Many Chinese university students were top students in their middle schools, with remarkable academic performance and magnificent dreams. What sounds weird to the teachers and students themselves is that many of those top students in middle schools can not adapt themselves to their academic life in college. One of the possible reasons might be that most Chinese middle school students only had to focus on their study in their middle school life. Without distractions in life, they can accomplish their schoolwork with ease and got fantastic scores. While in the university, all of a sudden, they have to learn to arrange everything for themselves. They find no matter how hard they plow through their assignments, they can not strike their professors as someone outstanding!

15. 在国外学习需经历文化冲突。在蜜月期，人们发现了迷人的东西和令人向往的快乐，非常兴奋。尽管如此，由于准则、价值观和传统不同，他们的观念很快会与新的文化发生冲突，进入敌对阶段。当人们感到苦恼，常会想出某种保护性方法来应付这种感受。切记不要自我隔绝，不要躲避与当地人交流。显然，如果他不适应新的文化，就会被它所抛弃。当人们意识到文化冲突时，他已步入了“恢复”期，开始逐步理解所有新事物，这对他是有利有助的，敌意症状消失了，并开始接受文化的差别，进入了“适应阶段”。

【译文】People will undergo culture shock when studying abroad. At honeymoon stage, they discover fascinating things and desirable fun and are full of excitement. In spite of this, their view will soon clash with the new culture due to their different norms, values and traditions, they’re at “hostility” stage. When people feel distressed, they’d devise some defense mechanism to cope with this feeling. Remember not to isolate yourself and avoid communicating with the local people. Evidently, if he doesn’t adjust to the new culture, he’ll be rejected by it. When his recognition of culture shock begins, he’s at “recovery” stage, developing comprehension of everything new, which is favorable and helpful to him. The symptom of hostility disappears, he begins to accept the distinctions of cultures and enters “adjustment” stage.

16. 人们普遍认为许多当代大学生都“更主张消费主义而少了些理想主义 ”。他们在选择专业时更注重考虑该专业在未来的工作中是否能带来经济上的富裕。这就难怪为什么如今最受欢迎的课程是国际贸易，计算机科学，会计学而不是人文学科和种族研究。教育机构应该让学生意识到在他们未来的生活中有远比追求个人经济利益更重要的东西。他们应该有服务社会，为社会做贡献的意识。

【译文】It is generally believed that most of today’s college students are “more consumeristic and less idealistic”. They pay more attention to the factor that whether their major will enable them to be financially well-off in their future work when choosing it. No wonder why the most popular courses today are international business, computer science and accounting but not humanities and ethnic study. The educational institutions are meant to make the students realize that there are far more important things in their future life than going after individual economic gains. They should have the awareness of rendering service and making contributions to the society.

17. 现代化的交通、电信与大众传媒手段使世界变得越来越小，国际社会如同一个地球村，居住在地球村里的各国人民在文化交流中彼此尊重、共同发展。不同的文化应该相互学习，取长补短。文化交流不是让外来文化吞没自己的文化，而是为了丰富各民族的文化。当然，在广泛的文化交流中，一个民族的文化必须保持本民族的鲜明特色，必须对人类文明的发展做出贡献。

【译文】Modern means of transportation, telecommunication and mass media have shortened the geographical distance of the world. The international community appears to be no more than a global

village, in which people of different nations engage themselves in cultural exchange, while seeking common development in a harmonious and respectful relationship. I think different cultures should learn from each other’s strengths to offset their own weakness. Cultural exchange is by no means a process of losing one’s own culture to a foreign culture, but a process of enriching each other’s national cultures. Of course, the culture of nation must withhold its own distinctive national characteristics in its extensive exchange with other cultures, and make contributions to the development of human civilization.

18. 计划生育和环境保护是我国的基本国策，也是提高人民生活质量的重要条件。我们要加强优生优育(prenatal and postnatal care)工作，提高人口素质。我国人口众多，资源相对不足，经济规模越来越大，经济发展与资源和环境的矛盾日益突出。我们要正确处理发展经济同人口、资源、环境的关系，合理开发和综合利用资源。我们要努力保护和改善生态环境，使经济发展既满足当代人的需要，又造福于子孙后代。

【译文】Family planning and environmental protection are China’s basic state policies that are vital to the improvement of people’s lives. We should improve prenatal and postnatal care and foster physical fitness among the people. With a large population, relative insufficiency in natural resources and an expanding economy, China suffers an increasing outstanding disparity between economic development and natural resources and the environment. We should, therefore, correctly handle the relationship between economic development on the one hand, and population growth, natural resources consumption and the environmental protection on the other. We should exploit our natural resources more rationally and make use of them in an integrated manner. We should do our best to protect and improve our ecological environment, so as to ensure that our economic development will not only meet the current needs of this generation, but benefit future generations.

19. 退休对一些人来说是梦寐以求的事情，但对另一些人来说则像噩梦一样可怕。许多人以为，退休后将颐养天年，但真的退休了，他们都发现退休生活可能满足不了他们的这一心愿，至少过了退休初期的“蜜月”阶段之后是如此。有些人则比较幸运，因为他们对生活中的这一变化做了准备，或者讲他们的性格适宜于退休生活。另外一些人想到自己要被作为“废物”抛弃（be put on the scrapheap），心中不免忿忿然，于是他们寻找别的办法来发泄自己的精力，寻找别的途径来得到满足和快乐。

【译文】Retirement from work is a dream to some, a nightmare to others. Many people think that they will enjoy their time in retirement, but when it comes it may fail to satisfy, at least after an initial “honeymoon” period. Some are luckier because they have prepared themselves for the change in their lives or they may be temperamentally suited to retirement. Others resent the prospect of being “put on the scrapheap”, and seek alternative outlets for their energies and alternative sources of satisfaction or joy.

20. 千百万人从事着园艺（horticulutre）活动，有的把园艺作为职业，有的只是兼职搞搞，还有的则是在业余闲暇时间养花养草。园艺这一领域对所有的人都产生影响和作用。日常生活中， 我们少不了园艺。它为我们提供大量食物。它是美的丰富源泉，美化着我们的居室、城市、公园、校园、乡间景色和广阔原野。园艺还为许多娱乐活动装点景色，从住宅生活区的户外野炊地到足球场上的耐寒草皮（tough turf），所有这一切都离不开园艺。

【译文】Millions of people are engaged in horticulture on a fulltime, part-time, or amateur basis. It is a field that affects and influences all people. We live daily with horticulture. It provides a large portion of our food supply. It is a bounteous source of beauty in our homes, cities, parks, campuses, rural landscapes and areas of the great outdoors. It furnishes the settings for many recreational events, from picnics in the outdoor living area of a home to the tough turf of a football field. All these things are horticulture.