联动式：
我悄悄地披了大衫，带上门出去了。
Shrugging on an overcoat, I made my way out, closing the door behind me.
那位老妇人坐在窗前，凝视着树上那最后一片叶子，听它在寒风中瑟瑟呻吟。
Sitting by the window, the old woman gazed at the last leaf on the tree, listening to its groan in the bitter winter wind.
他请了假坐飞机回家探亲。
He asked for leave to go home by air to see his family.
兼语式：
近几年中国政府一直鼓励外商参与重点经济建设项目和现有企业的技术改造。
In recent years china has been encouraging foreign businessmen to actively participate in china’s key economic construction project and the technological transformation of some existing enterprises.
当局要求灾区群众开展生产自救，重建家园。
The authorities urged the people in the flood-stricken areas to overcome the adversity through greater production and to rebuild their own homes.
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国际社会呼吁交战双方早日达成停火协议。
The international community appealed to the warring sides for an earliest possible cease-fire agreement.
她优美的歌声令听众如痴如醉。
Her beautiful voice enraptured the audience.
那位评论家指责该书作者有剽窃行为。
The critic criticized the author of the book for plagiarism. ['pleidʒiərizəm]
当局应该禁止该影片上映。
The film came under the ban of censor.
定语性词组英译：
以上就是我们同意继续进行两岸对话的条件。
The aforesaid are the conditions under which we will agree to continue talks between both sides of the Strait.
济南轻骑集团扭亏转赢的做法值得推广。
Jinan Qingqi Motorcycle Group’s tactics by which to change its situation from incurring
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credits to making profits is worth popularizing.
据统计每天前来游览敦煌壁画的游客数以千计。
As is shown by statistics, every day tourists coming to visit the Dunhuang murals amount to thousand.
企业要建立风险资金以补偿因管理不善而造成的亏损。
Risk funds will be set up to compensate for losses incurred because of poor management.
以上所列事实充分证明，中国在国际事务中起着越来越重要的作用。
Facts listed above clearly indicate that china playing an increasingly important role in world affairs.
他是眼睛很大，鼻子很高的男孩。
He is a little boy with a high nose and two big eyes.
连两公婆吵架的小事，也要到街道办事处去解决。
They even went to the street affair office for solutions to small matters such as quarrels between husband and wife.
找不找人帮忙的事由你决定。
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It’s up to you to decide whether we should look for helping hands or not.
状语性词组英译：
皮肤不那么容易受到细菌感染。
Skin is not liable to be affected by bacteria.
她听到丈夫被在野党刺杀的消息，痛不欲生。
She is overwhelmed with sorrow at the news that her husband was assassinated by the opposition party.
看见他我就恶心。
I feel sick at the sight of him.
他看见下棋就搀得慌。
His fingers itch at the sight of a game of chess.
他们扛起铁锨和锄头就下地了。
They left for the fields, shouldering spades and hoes.
他吃饱喝足了，还不走。
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He wouldn’t leave even after he had eaten and drunk his fill.
他一上任就开始惩治腐败，打击犯罪，大搞农田水利基本建设。
As soon as he assumed his office, he plunged into the drive against corruption and crime, and went in for large-scale construction of water conservancy project.
这事说起来容易做起来难。
It is easier said that done.
她人长得好看，脑子又聪明。
She is as pretty as wise.
他一听这话就发火。
He flared up at the words.
尽管有很多缺点，他是个勤奋的人。
With all his shortcomings, he is a hard-working man.
习语英译：
直译：
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人固有一死，或轻于鸿毛，或重于泰山。
Everyone must die. But one’s death might be lighter than a goose feather or weightier than Mount Tai.
旁边一人鼓掌大笑曰：“此事易如反掌，何必多议！”
Then one of those about him suddenly clapped his hands, crying, “It’s as easy as turning over one’s hand! Why so much talk!”
于是金荣忍气吞声，不多一会儿，也自睡去了。
Chin Jung had to swallow his anger and hold his tongue, and very soon he turned in.
但世人一见了功名，便舍得性命去求它，乃至到手之后，味同嚼蜡。
Man will risk their lives in search for rank and fame, yet once they have them within their grasp, the taste is no better than chewed tallow. As dry as sawdust.
他这一去如石沉大海，再无消息。
He left like a stone dropped into the sea and never been heard of.
蓬头垢面
求同存异
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扑朔迷离
朴实无华
遣词造句
能者多劳
自力更生
画饼充饥
顺水推舟
欺软怕硬
扭亏为盈
宁为玉碎，不为瓦全
古语说得好：“有钱能使鬼推磨，……”
There’s a lot of truth in the old saying: “if you have money you can even make the devil turn your mill.”
不入虎穴，焉得虎子，这句话对于中国人的实践是真理。
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How can one catch tiger cubs without entering the tiger’s lair? This saying holds true for one’s practice.
Nothing venture, nothing gain.
十年树木，百年树人。
It takes ten years to grow trees but a hundred years to rear people.
天有不测风云，人有旦夕祸福。
Storms gather without warning in nature, and bad luck befalls men overnight.
路遥知马力，日久见人心。
A long road tests a horse’s strength and a long task proves a man’s heart.
人多力量大，拆多火焰高。
若要人不知，除非己莫为。
画龙画虎难画骨，知人知面难知心。
良药苦口利于病，忠言逆耳利于行。
衙门自古朝南开，有理无钱莫进来。
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到什么山上唱什么歌
人为财死，鸟为食亡。
劣马须用粗缰。
久病成医
饱汉不知饿汉饥。
卖人参的听了，“哑巴见妈说不出的苦”
When the ginseng-seller heard this, he was like a dumb man dreaming of his mother: he couldn’t voice his distress.
再派人去，那不是瞎子打灯笼白费一支蜡吗？
Sending someone else is like a blind man carrying a candle. A waste of wax!
老虎吃天－无从下口
黄鼠狼给鸡拜年－不怀好意
泥菩萨过河－自身难保
潜力送鹅毛－礼轻情意重
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借用：
只有大胆地破釜沉舟地跟他们讲，还许有翻身的一天！
All you can do is to burn your boats and fight them in the hope that one day you will come out on top.
“…这实在是叫做‘天有不测风云，’她的男人是坚实人，谁知道年级青青，就会断送在伤寒上…”
“It was really a bolt from the blue. Her husband was so strong, nobody could have expected that he would die of typhoid fever…”
甭担心，船到桥头自然直。
Don’t worry. You will cross the bridge when you come to it.
吠犬不咬人
血浓于水
静水深流
习惯成自然
隔墙有耳
火上浇油
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一帆风顺
袖手旁观
晴天霹雳
浇冷水
十人十条心
英雄所见略同
突飞猛进
彻头彻尾
公平合理
活蹦乱跳
患难与共
空洞无物
少年老成
无稽之谈
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物以类聚
软硬兼施
潦倒而死
近墨者黑
臭味相投
守口如瓶
蠢得像猪
对牛弹琴
你不能因噎废食，从此出门只靠步行了呀！
You could not cut off your nose to spite your face and forever travel on foot hereafter.
那家合资企业由于经营不善，已到了山穷水尽的地步。
Due to poor management, the joint venture is now at the end of its tether.
凤姐笑道：“你倒会拉长线儿！…”
“you do look ahead, don’t you?” she chuckled.
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又要马儿好，又要马儿不吃草。
You cannot eat your cake and have it！
龙生龙，凤生风，老鼠生儿打地洞。
Like father, like son.
挥金如土
水中捞月
一贫如洗
贪得无厌
随波逐流
家丑不可外扬
挑拨离间
一箭之遥
犟得像牛
落汤鸡
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抛砖引玉
画蛇添足
半斤八两
脱胎换骨
小题大做
上梁不正下梁歪
指鹿为马
金蝉脱壳
爱屋及乌
新官上任三把火
To be in the same boat=同舟共济？ To lock the stable door after the horse is stolen=亡羊补牢？ 意译：
我的公司自负盈亏，你不好好工作，我就不能让你在这儿滥竽充数。
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My company must be solely responsible for its profits and losses. If you are slack in your work, I cannot have you here just to make up the number.
这两个对旗鼓相当，比赛中比分交替上升。
The two teams are well-matched, and the score seesawed all the time.
宝玉一发拿刀弄杖，寻死觅活，闹的天翻地覆。
By now Pao-yu had turned the whole place upside down in search of a sword or stick to kill himself with.
Mary大喝…满操场的同学都满不在乎。
Mary shouted at her highest pitch…but all the students on the playground turned a deaf ear to it.
据说还当得十分称职，一时有口皆碑，俨然成了东南亚一大硕儒。
I heard that he filled the post with great credit and for a time was widely acclaimed as one of the best celebrated scholars in Southeast Asia.
攀龙附凤
毛遂自荐
一诺千金
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两袖清风
门庭若市
马革裹尸
毛手毛脚
守株待兔
恶贯满盈
尔虞我诈
你受的苦与她遭的罪相比，只能算“小巫见大巫”。
The hardship you’ve experienced is simply nothing compared with the bitter sufferings she’s gone through.
骑驴看唱本－走着瞧
Let me wait and see… (What would he say about the matter?)
We’ll see who’s right.
直意译：
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张飞大叫：“此必董卓！追吕布有甚好处，不如先拿董贼，便是斩草除根！”
“Certainly there is Tung Cho,” cried Chang Fei. “What is the use of pursuing Lv Pu? Far better seize the chief rebel and so pluck up the evil by the root.”
彩霞道：“没良心的！狗咬吕洞宾，不识好歹。”
Tsaihsia said “you ungrateful thing! Like the dog that bit Lv Tungpin- you bite the hand that feeds you.”
杀人如麻
山盟海誓
神出鬼没
顺藤摸瓜
天罗地网
如雷贯耳
不打不相识
凤姐道：“我哪里管的上这些事来，见识又浅，嘴又笨，心又直，人家拿个棒槌，我就拿着认作针了。”
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省略：
薛蟠连忙打躬作揖赔不是
Hsueh pan bowed in apology
若有善男信女虔心供奉者，可以永保儿孙康宁。
If faithful believers worship him devoutly, their descendants are assured of peace and health.
一日倘或“乐极生悲”，若应了“树倒猢狲散”的俗语…
in one day it happens that at the height of good fortune “the tree falls and the monkeys scatter” as the old saying has it…
对偶句：
富贵人间梦，功名水上鸥。
Riches and fame are but dreams among men;
Merits and renown are but gulls floating in the water.
墙上芦苇，头重脚轻根底浅；
山间竹笋，最尖皮厚腹中空。
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The reed growing on the wall--top heavy, thin-stemmed and shallow of root;
The bamboo shoot in the hills—sharp-tongued, thick-skinned and hollow inside.
英语备考复习方法和技巧
在我国现有情况下，英语考试是很多考试的一个重要组成部分。不管我们多么不情愿面对这些形形色色的英语考试，但它仍然是人生台阶上一个不可缺少的石阶。
很多同学都在寻找顺利通过考试的捷径，绝对的“易突击、见效快”的方法是不存在的，任何语言的学习都需要一步一个脚印的积累。然而考试是有规律性的，短期内摸清考试规律，在已有的语言基础上，尽可能地达到或者接近测试要求却是可行的。
下面针对专升本英语学习的特点，总结了一些英语考试的复习方法和技巧。
1、 分析考试
任何考试都有自身特点，考试前要求必须彻底了解考试的基本信息：包括考核目的、难度、词汇量、题型设置、题量、考试时间以及形式等基本信息。做到这一点是非常容易的，即熟读考试大纲。
2、 分析自己
掌握了考试的基本信息后，需要对自己做一个认真的分析。分析自己与考试的差距，了解自己的薄弱点。建议用两套近两年的真题，严格按照考试的要求，对自己进行模拟测试，然后评分，计算出每个题型的得分比例，并从低到高进行排序，排在前面且得分比例低于50%的题目一定是自己最薄弱的环节。针对这些薄弱环节我们需要进行专项练习，逐个突破。如果两个题目得分接近，那么本身分值大的题目或者对自己而言相对容易的题目可以放在前面，先进行练习和提高。
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3、 寻找复习资料
在前面两项工作完成后，需要开始寻找复习资料，这个环节也是非常重要的，它有着事半功倍的效果。在大多数的英语考试中首推的复习资料就是历年试题，其次是受到大家公认的模拟试题和专项练习书籍，这类书籍往往由一些着名的考试专家编写或者由着名的大学和语言培训机构出版。
4、 逐个突破
根据第二步的排序，需要对得分50%以下的薄弱环节进行专项练习，逐个突破。练习过程中练习量不是最重要的，关键是要随时进行总结。
例如：解决生词问题、找出正确答案并解释原因、记忆知识点以及同类题目的解题技巧等等。当每个部分的得分明显提高，至少达到并稳定在60%以上，方可进入下一个阶段的复习工作。对于得分50%以上的题目，如果时间紧张，可以在综合练习阶段进行提高。
5、 考前综合性强化训练
考前综合性强化训练一般放在自己的薄弱点基本突破后正式考试前1个月左右进行。此时建议针对历年试题进行强化训练，如果历年试题量不够可以使用与正式考试难度相近、题型一致的模拟试题。在强化训练的时候，要注意以下三个问题：一是严格控制时间，总体答题时间不得超过正式考试的时间，各部分试题答题时间要基本稳定；二是精神集中，就像参加正式考试一样，切忌一边做题一边翻答案、查阅资料和字典三是重视总结，做完题后，要认真给自己评分并进行总结，然后根据答题的具体情况再进行有的放矢的复习。
6、 历年试题分析
前面说到，考试是有规律可循的，考核重点一般是不会发生变化的，有的考试甚至出现题目重复
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的情况，正所谓万变不离其宗。因此，在做历年试题的时候，要对考核的知识点进行总结，这个环节是非常必要的。例如：语法点的总结、高频词的总结、阅读文章题材以及题目类型的总结、作文题目归类、翻译句型的总结等等。如果掌握了各种题型的考核重点，就等于拨开了重重迷雾，直奔目标了。
7、 制定计划，贵在坚持
最后就是要根据上面几个步骤，再结合自己的实际情况，制定一个详细的学习计划。英语学习切忌一时心血来潮、恶补几日，然后三天打鱼、两天晒网。一定要记住：每天学习1小时，坚持60天的效果比每天学习6小时，但只学10天的效果要好很多。英语学习是一个螺旋式上升的过程，不可能是直线上升的。因此，在很长的时间里，我们感觉到的往往是艰辛的付出却没有收获的喜悦，此时唯一能做的就只有：坚持、坚持、再坚持。
学习英语的过程是痛苦的，正是因为这个痛苦的过程，在获得成功时的幸福感才会更强烈，希望我的学生都能在痛苦之后收获幸福
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