语法-语态

被动语态常用于下列几种情况: 一、动作的执行者无需指出或不明确时

Printing was introduced into Europe from China. Rome was not built in a day. 二、为了强调动作的承受者

Four people were killed and thirty-one injured in the bomb attack. Susan was singled out for praise yesterday. 三、为了修辞的需要

He started to complain about this wicked world but was interrupted by a knock Yesterdayu he visited our university and was welcomed by the President.[提示]

1. 除及物动词外, 一些相当于及物动词的短语动词也可作用被动态形式, 除个别情况外, 短语动词一般不拆开使用。

This matter will be dealt with as soon as possible.（短语）

2. 不及物动词(或相当于一个不及物动词的短语动词)和表示状态的动词(或短语动词)无被动态形式, 如happen, rise, occur, take place, break out等; 以及lack, fit,suit, equal, become, resemble, befall, consist of,look like等。 The story took place in 1949.

3. 将主动态形式改为被动态形式时如遇到动词后跟双宾语的情况, 我们只能将其中之一变成主语, 另一个保持不变。当直接宾语变成主语时, 保持在原位的间接 I gave my hasband a tie as a birthday pressent.

→My hasband was given a tie as a birthday present.

→A tie was given to my husband as a birthday present.

Exercises 2 Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences: 1. The professor was knowledgeable and eloquent and __________ with A. was always listened B. was always listened to C. always was listened D. always listened to

2. He returned a week later and found his house __________ . A. has broken into B. was broken into

C. to be broken into D. has been broken into

3. The United Kingdom __________ Great Britain and Northern Ireland. A. consisted of B. is consisted of C. consists of D. consist

4. These oranges __________ nice. （smell feel taste主动形式可表被动） A. are tasted B. taste C. is tasted D. tastes

5. In 1950, she was the largest ship that __________ . A. was ever built B. has ever built

C. has ever been built D. had ever been built 6. The house suddenly collapsed while it __________ down. A. was pulled B. pulled

C. was being pulled D. had been pulled 7. \"How do you like your new position?\" \"I __________ .\" A. don't satisfy B. am not satisfied（状态） C. can't satisfy D. haven't satisfied

8. The sixth generation computers, with artificial intelligence, __________ and perfected now.

A. developed B. will have been developed C. have developed D. are being developed

9. There are more than fifty proposals __________ at the conference. A. discussed B. to be discussed C. discussing D. having discussed

10. Though Newton was a great scientist, many of his ideas

__________ today and are being modified by the work of today's scientists. A. are to challenge B. are challenging

C. may be challenged D. have been challenged